2,3-ジメチルブタン 化学特性,用途語,生産方法
外観
無色～ほとんど無色, 澄明の液体
溶解性
水に不溶, エタノール, アセトンに可溶。エタノール及びアセトンに溶け、水に溶けにくい。
用途
溶剤、クリーナー添加剤。
化学的特性
2,3-Dimethylbutane, C6H14, is a flammable liquid with a
specific gravity of 0.66164. It is released into the atmosphere
from automobile, biomass combustion, and gasoline vapor
emissions.
物理的性質
Colorless liquid with a mild gasoline-like odor. An odor threshold concentration of 4.2 ppm
v was
reported by Nagata and Takeuchi (1990).
使用
2,3-Dimethylbutane is used in high octane fuels and in organic synthesis. It is also used as a gas chromatography standard.
調製方法
2,3-Dimethylbutane is produced from crude oil, natural
liquid gases, and petroleum refining processes.
一般的な説明
A clear colorless liquid with a petroleum-like odor. Flash point -20°F. Less dense than water and insoluble in water. Vapors heavier than air.
空気と水の反応
Highly flammable. Insoluble in water.
反応プロフィール
Saturated aliphatic hydrocarbons, such as 2,3-DIMETHYLBUTANE, may be incompatible with strong oxidizing agents like nitric acid. Charring of the hydrocarbon may occur followed by ignition of unreacted hydrocarbon and other nearby combustibles. In other settings, aliphatic saturated hydrocarbons are mostly unreactive. They are not affected by aqueous solutions of acids, alkalis, most oxidizing agents, and most reducing agents. 2,3-DIMETHYLBUTANE is incompatible with oxidizing materials. 2,3-DIMETHYLBUTANE is also incompatible with oxygen. .
健康ハザード
Inhalation or contact with material may irritate or burn skin and eyes. Fire may produce irritating, corrosive and/or toxic gases. Vapors may cause dizziness or suffocation. Runoff from fire control or dilution water may cause pollution.
安全性プロファイル
Probably an irritant and
narcotic in high concentration. A very
dangerous fire and explosion hazard when
exposed to heat or flame; can react
vigorously with oxidizing materials. Keep
away from heat and open flame. To fight
fire, use foam, CO2, dry chemical. When
heated to decomposition it emits acrid
smoke and irritating fumes.
環境運命予測
Photolytic. Major products reported from the photooxidation of 2,3-dimethylbutane with
nitrogen oxides are carbon monoxide and acetone. Minor products included formaldehyde,
acetaldehyde and peroxyacyl nitrates (Altshuller, 1983). Synthetic air containing gaseous nitrous
acid and exposed to artificial sunlight (λ = 300–450 nm) photooxidized 2,3-dimethylbutane into
acetone, hexyl nitrate, peroxyacetal nitrate, and a nitro aromatic compound tentatively identified
as a propyl nitrate (Cox et al., 1980).
Chemical/Physical. Complete combustion in air yields carbon dioxide and water vapor. 2,3-
Dimethylbutane will not hydrolyze because it has no hydrolyzable functional group.
純化方法
Distil it from sodium, pass it through a column of silica gel (activated by heating in nitrogen to 350o before use) to remove unsaturated impurities, and again distil it from sodium. Also distil it azeotropically with MeOH, then wash with water, dry (Na2SO4) it, and redistil it. [Beilstein 1 IV 371.]
2,3-ジメチルブタン 上流と下流の製品情報
原材料
準備製品
2,2-ジメチルブタン
3-メチルペンタン
2,3-ジメチル-2-ブテン
テトラデカフルオロ-2-メチルペンタン
2,3-ビス(トリフルオロメチル)-1,1,1,2,3,4,4,4-オクタフルオロブタン
2,3,5-トリメチルヘキサン
2,3,4-トリメチルペンタン
1,4-ジブロモ-2,3-ビス(ブロモメチル)-2-ブテン
2,3,3-トリメチルペンタン
2,4-ジメチルペンタン