4,5-ジオキソ-1H-ピロロ[2,3-f]キノリン-2,7,9-トリカルボン酸 化学特性,用途語,生産方法
用途
ピロロキノリンキノン (Pyrroloquinoline quinone, PQQ) は、1964年にJ.G. Haugeらにより、細菌のグルコース脱水素酵素に含まれるニコチンアミドとフラビンに次ぐ3番目の酸化還元補酵素として見出された。 これらのPQQを含む酵素は、キノプロテインと呼ばれ、その一つであるグルコース脱水素酵素は、グルコースセンサーに用いられている。
説明
Pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ) is a novel biofactor for which a proposition can be made for physiological importance. PQQ was first recognized as an enzyme cofactor in bacteria. It has recently been tentatively identified as a component of interstellar dust. Thus, PQQ may have been present throughout early biological conception and evolution. PQQ is also a potent plant growth factor. Consequently, for animals and humans, there has been constant exposure to PQQ. In animals, PQQ is reported to participate in a range of biological functions with apparent survival benefits (e.g., improved neonatal growth and reproductive performance). There are also benefits from PQQ supplementation related to cognitive, immune, and antioxidant functions, as well as protection from cardiac and neurological ischemic events. Although PQQ is not currently viewed as a vitamin, its involvement in cell signaling pathways, particularly those important to mitochondriogenesis in experimental animal models, may eventually provide a rationale for defining PQQ as vital to life. For humans, such evidence suggests there may be similar parallels or benefits from improving PQQ status.
化学的特性
Orange-Red Solid
使用
Pyrroloquinoline quinone is an important growth factor for the body and a redox/cofactor found in a a class of enzymes called quinoproteins. It is a cofactor of microbial quinoprotein enzyme, and imidazopyrroline. it regulates the level of free radicals in the body, protects the body; anti-oxidative damage; enhances mitochondrial function; detoxification; disease, etc.
主な応用
Pyrroloquinoline quinone has been used:
as a component of nanocurcumin formulation (NCF), to study its therapeutic effect on ameliorate hypoxia-induced stress in hypertrophied cardiomyocytes.
as a standard in fluorescence analysis.
to test its efficiency in suppressing restrained oxidative stress and hepatic fibrogenesis in mouse models.
Pyrroloquinoline quinone(PQQ) has been reported to function as a water soluble vitamin/cofactor and as an antioxidant. PQQ disodium salt is proposed for use due to its nutritive value in the United States (U.S.) in foods, such as energy, sport, and isotonic drinks; non-milk based meal replacement beverages; water (bottled, enhanced, fortified); milk-based meal replacement beverages; cereal and granola bars; and energy, meal replacement, and fortified bars. PQQ is also intended for use in dietary supplements.
一般的な説明
Pyrroloquinoline Quinone (PQQ), also referred as methoxatin, is a water soluble orthoquinone molecule with redox-cycling ability.
合成
Pyrroloquinoline quinone is prepared by the reaction of
trimethyl 4,5-dihydro-4,5-dioxo-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-f]quinoline-2,7,9-tricarboxylate. The steps are as follows:
With sodium carbonate In water at 30℃; for 24h;
Or with water; potassium carbonate In water at 25 - 80℃; Green chemistry; Industrial scale.
4,5-ジオキソ-1H-ピロロ[2,3-f]キノリン-2,7,9-トリカルボン酸 上流と下流の製品情報
原材料
準備製品