銀(I)シアニド 化学特性,用途語,生産方法
外観
白色, 小粒〜粉末
溶解性
水に難溶 (2.2×10^(-5)g/100ml 20℃), エタノールに難溶。シアン化アルカリに溶け、水及びエタノールにほとんど溶けない。
解説
AgCN(133.89)．硝酸銀の冷飽和水溶液に計算量のシアン化カリウムを加えると得られる．無色のりょう面体結晶．鎖状構造…CN-Ag-CN-Ag…．Ag…Ag約5.26 Å．密度3.95 g cm－3．乾燥空気中の暗所では安定であるが，光で暗色になる．320 ℃ で融解とともに分解して (CN)2 を発生する．水に難溶，濃アンモニア水，KCN水溶液に可溶．銀めっき溶液に用いられる．[CAS 506-64-9]
森北出版「化学辞典（第2版）
化学的特性
Silver cyanide is a white or grayish, odorless powder which darkens when exposed to light.
物理的性質
Grayish-white hexagonal crystals; density 3.95 g/cm
3; decomposes at 320°C; insoluble in water, alcohol or dilute acids; moderately soluble in concentrated ammonia; soluble in concentrated boiling nitric acid; also soluble in alkali cyanide solutions.
使用
Silver cyanide is used in silver-plating.
一般的な説明
A white to gray odorless tasteless powder that darkens on exposure to light. Insoluble in water. Toxic by skin absorption through open wounds, ingestion and inhalation of dust. Toxic oxides of nitrogen are produced in fires.
空気と水の反応
Insoluble in water. Decomposes slowly when moist, giving off hydrogen cyanide, which is toxic by inhalation.
反応プロフィール
Silver cyanide is very rapidly decomposed by acids giving off hydrogen cyanide, a flammable poison gas. Soluble in aqueous ammonia, dilute boiling nitric acid, aqueous potassium cyanide solution and aqueous sodium thiosulfate solutions. Subject to explosive instability or violent oxidation under certain conditions. Fusion with metal chlorates, perchlorates, nitrates, or nitrites can cause a violent explosion [Bretherick 1979 p. 101]. Fluorine and Silver cyanide react with explosive violence at ordinary temperatures [Mellor 2 Supp. 1:63 1956].
危険性
Toxic by ingestion or inhalation.
健康ハザード
Highly toxic, may be fatal if inhaled, swallowed or absorbed through skin. Avoid any skin contact. Effects of contact or inhalation may be delayed. Fire may produce irritating, corrosive and/or toxic gases. Runoff from fire control or dilution water may be corrosive and/or toxic and cause pollution.
LD50 oral (rat): 123mg/kg
火災危険
Non-combustible, substance itself does not burn but may decompose upon heating to produce corrosive and/or toxic fumes. Containers may explode when heated. Runoff may pollute waterways.
安全性プロファイル
Deadly poison by ingestion. A skin and severe eye irritant. When heated to decomposition it emits very toxic fumes of CNand NO,. Incompatible with phosphorus tricyanide, fluorine. Used in silver plating. See also SILVER COMPOUNDS and CYANIDE.
職業ばく露
It is primarily used in silver plating.
輸送方法
UN1684 Silver cyanide, Hazard Class: 6.1; Labels: 6.1-Poisonous materials.
純化方法
It is a POISONOUS white or grayish white powder. Stir it thoroughly with H2O, filter, wash well with EtOH and dry it in air in the dark. It is very insoluble in H2O (0.000023g in 100mL H2O) but is soluble in HCN or aqueous KCN to form the soluble Ag(CN) 22 complex. [Schnitz-Dumont Chem Ber 72 298 1939, Randall & Halford J Am Chem Soc 52 184 1930.]
不和合性
Acetylene, ammonia, and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). Contact with moisture, CO2, acid and acid fumes release hydrogen cyanide. Contact with fluorine is violently explosive at normal temperatures. Incompatible with phosphorus cyanide.
廃棄物の処理
Consult with environmental regulatory agencies for guidance on acceptable disposal practices. Generators of waste containing this contaminant (≥100 kg/mo) must conform to EPA regulations governing storage, transportation, treatment, and waste disposal
銀(I)シアニド 上流と下流の製品情報
原材料
準備製品