バーミキュライト 化学特性,用途語,生産方法
定義
本品は、主にケイ素、アルミニウム、マグネシウム、カルシウム及び鉄の酸化物からなるフィロケイ酸塩鉱物である。
解説
バーミキュライト，単斜晶系に属し，板状結晶。へき開は｛001｝に完全。比重2.3，モース硬度1.5。無色，黄色，淡緑色，淡褐色を呈する。黒雲母を含む岩石の風化作用により生成した土壌中に黒雲母の変質物として存在する。また黒雲母，金雲母が酸性岩の接触変成作用や熱水変質作用により変質して生成する場合もある。
化粧品の成分用途
皮膚コンディショニング剤
使用
As catalyst; loose fill insulation, filler and packing material.
农业用途
Vermiculite is a clay mineral. It is similar to trioctahedral
smectites, with a structure that is balanced by
interlayer ions of mostly magnesium and sometimes
calcium. In other words, vermiculite is a hydrated
silicate, which results from the alteration of mica,
especially an aluminosilicate of magnesium. The formula
of vermiculite is:
Vermiculite is a tri-octahedral phyllite (2: 1) with a
basal spacing of lOA varying between 1A and lOA,
according to the nature of the interlayer cations.
The following are the principal differences between
vermiculites and smectites. (i) Vermiculites have a large
grain size. (ii) Vermiculites have a higher cation
exchange capacity and, when treated with glycol, achieve
basal spacing of about 14A while smectites take double
layers, with a basal spacing swelling to 17A. (iii)
Smectites dehydrate more rapidly while vermiculites
rehydrate more rapidly.
In soils, vermiculites are mostly clays of
transformation, formed from the degradation of micas or
illites. They have a high cation exchange capacity
(CEC) of 100 to 150 meq/100 g, which endows them a
high affity for weakly hydrated ions such as K+, N&+
and Caz+. Consequently, vermiculite-rich soils exhibit
high potassium-fixation capacity.
Vermiculite does not swell as much as
montmorillonite. Vermiculite is a 2:1 clay mineral,
similar in structure to hydrous magnesium. On rapid
heating, vermiculite assumes a worm-like shape, alluding
to a peculiar exfoliation phenomenon. When heated, it
can also expand to a lightweight, highly absorbent,
fireproof material about 16 times its original volume. In
natural state, the mineral has no useful application, but it
provides a low-density material with excellent thermal
and acoustic insulation properties when exfoliated.
Vermiculites in flakes are useful as a medium for
growing tissue-culture plants and for insulation.
バーミキュライト 上流と下流の製品情報
原材料
準備製品