ジオクチルソジウムスルホサクシネート 化学特性,用途語,生産方法
外観
白色～わずかにうすい褐色, ペースト
定義
本品は、スルホコハク酸と2-エチルヘキシルアルコールのジエステルのナトリウム塩で、次の化学式で表される。
溶解性
水 (71g/L), 2-プロパノール, ベンゼンに可溶。水に溶ける。
用途
湿潤剤, 洗浄剤, 染色助剤, 乳化重合助剤, 農薬添加剤, 油中分散剤, ドライクリーニング助剤など
用途
湿潤剤,洗浄剤,染色助剤,乳化重合助剤,農薬添加剤など
化粧品の成分用途
界面活性助剤、洗浄剤
効能
軟便化薬, 界面活性剤
化学的特性
white solid, often supplied as an aqueous solution
使用
Dioctyl sulfosuccinate sodium salt is a wetting and emulsifying agent that is slowly soluble in water, having a solubility of 1 g in 70 ml of water. It functions as a wetting agent in fumaric acid-containing powdered fruit drinks to help the acid dissolve in water. It is used as a stabilizing agent on gums at not more than 0.5% by weight of the gum. It is used as a flavor potentiator in canned milk where it improves and maintains the flavor of the sterilized milk during storage. It also functions as a processing aid in the manufacture of unrefined sugar. It is also termed sodium dioctylsulfosuccinate.
調製方法
Maleic anhydride is treated with 2-ethylhexanol to produce dioctyl
maleate, which is then reacted with sodium bisulfite.
一般的な説明
Odorless colorless to white waxy solid. Sinks and mixes slowly with water.
空気と水の反応
Mixes slowly with water.
反応プロフィール
Docusate sodium causes foaming and spreading of water. Assists in putting out fires by water. [USCG, 1999].
健康ハザード
Liquid is strong irritant to eye and may irritate skin by removing natural oils. Ingestion causes diarrhea and intestinal bloating.
火災危険
Behavior in Fire: Causes foaming and spreading of water. Assists in putting out fires by water.
応用例（製薬）
Docusate sodium and docusate salts are widely used as anionic
surfactants in pharmaceutical formulations. Docusate sodium is
mainly used in capsule and direct-compression tablet formulations
to assist in wetting and dissolution.
安全性プロファイル
Poison by intravenous
route. Moderately toxic by ingestion and
intraperitoneal routes. A skin and severe eye
irritant. See also ESTERS. When heated to
decomposition it emits toxic fumes of SOx
and Na2O.
安全性
Docusate salts are used in oral formulations as therapeutic agents
for their fecal softening and laxative properties. As a laxative in
adults, up to 500mg of docusate sodium is administered daily in
divided doses; in children over 6 months old, up to 75 mg in divided
doses is used. The quantity of docusate sodium used as an excipient
in oral formulations should therefore be controlled to avoid
unintended laxative effects. Adverse effects associated with
docusate sodium include diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, abdominal
cramps, and skin rashes. As with the chronic use of laxatives, the
excessive use of docusate sodium may produce hypomagnesemia.
Docusate salts are absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract and
excreted in bile; they may cause alteration of the gastrointestinal
epithelium. The gastrointestinal or hepatic absorption of other
drugs may also be affected by docusate salts, enhancing activity and
possibly toxicity. Docusate sodium should not be administered with
mineral oil as it may increase the absorption of the oil.
LD50 (mouse, IV): 0.06 g/kg
LD50 (mouse, oral): 2.64 g/kg
LD50 (rat, IP): 0.59 g/kg
LD50 (rat, oral): 1.9 g/kg
貯蔵
Docusate sodium is stable in the solid state when stored at room
temperature. Dilute aqueous solutions of docusate sodium between
pH 1–10 are stable at room temperature. However, at very low pH
(<1) and very high pH (>10) docusate sodium solutions are subject
to hydrolysis.
The solid material is hygroscopic and should be stored in an airtight container in a cool, dry place.
純化方法
Dissolve it in MeOH and the inorganic salts which precipitate are filtered off. Water is added and the solution is extracted several times with hexane. The residue is evaporated to one-fifth its original volume, *benzene is added and azeotropic distillation is continued until no water remains. The solvent is evaporated. The white residual solid is crushed and dried in vacuo over P2O5 for 48hours [El Seoud & Fendler J Chem Soc, Faraday Trans 1 71 452 1975]. [Beilstein 4 IV 114.] It solubilises major myelin trans membrane proteolipids, and forms reverse micelles in hydrocarbon solvents.
不和合性
Electrolytes, e.g. 3% sodium chloride, added to aqueous solutions
of docusate sodium can cause turbidity. However, docusate
sodium possesses greater tolerance to calcium, magnesium, and
other polyvalent ions than do some other surfactants. Docusate
sodium is incompatible with acids at pH < 1 and with alkalis at pH
> 10.
規制状況(Regulatory Status)
GRAS listed. Included in the FDA Inactive Ingredients Database
(IM injections; oral capsules, suspensions, and tablets; also topical
formulations). Included in nonparenteral medicines licensed in the
UK. Included in the Canadian List of Acceptable Non-medicinal
Ingredients.
ジオクチルソジウムスルホサクシネート 上流と下流の製品情報
原材料
準備製品