テトラデカン 化学特性,用途語,生産方法
外観
無色澄明の液体
定義
本品は、次の化学式で表される直鎖飽和炭化水素である。
溶解性
水に難溶, エタノール, アセトンに可溶。
化粧品の成分用途
エモリエント剤、減粘剤、溶剤
化学的特性
Tetradecane, C14H30, is a colorless liquid with moderate
explosive potential and specific gravity 0.763.
It occurs naturally in crude oil and in chickpea seeds,
nectarines, and kiwi-fruit flowers. It may be released
to the environment during its production and use, in the
exhaust of motor vehicles, and in the effluent of landfills and
industrial processes.
使用
Tetradecane, often as a mixture with other
straight-chain alkanes, is used as building block for detergents
and animal feeds, and as a solvent and distillation
chaser.
調製方法
Tetradecane is isolated from kerosene and gas oil fractions
of crude oil by selective adsorption followed by fractional
distillation.
一般的な説明
Colorless liquid. Must be preheated before ignition can occur.
空気と水の反応
Insoluble in water.
反応プロフィール
Saturated aliphatic hydrocarbons, such as Tetradecane, may be incompatible with strong oxidizing agents like nitric acid. Charring of the hydrocarbon may occur followed by ignition of unreacted hydrocarbon and other nearby combustibles. In other settings, aliphatic saturated hydrocarbons are mostly unreactive. They are not affected by aqueous solutions of acids, alkalis, most oxidizing agents, and most reducing agents. When heated sufficiently or when ignited in the presence of air, oxygen or strong oxidizing agents, they burn exothermically to produce carbon dioxide and water.
危険性
A fire hazard. Lower flammable limit in air
0.5%.
健康ハザード
ACUTE/CHRONIC HAZARDS: Explosion hazard: Moderate, in the form of vapor when exposed.
発がん性
Tetradecane is a cocarcinogen
and tumor promoter in two-stage experiments of
benzo[a]pyrene carcinogenicity in mice.
純化方法
Wash it successively with 4M H2SO4 and water. Dry it over MgSO4 and distil it several times under reduced pressure [Po. et al. J Am Chem Soc 108 5459 1986]. It is used as a standard in gas chromatography. [Beilstein 1 H 171, 1 IV 520.]
テトラデカン 上流と下流の製品情報
原材料
準備製品