4-アミノ-3,5,6-トリクロロピリジン-2-カルボン酸 化学特性,用途語,生産方法
外観
白色〜ほとんど白色, 結晶性粉末〜粉末
溶解性
水 (430mg/l at25℃)。アセトン19.8g/l, エタノール10.5g/l, イソプロパノール5.5g/l, アセトニトリル1.6g/l, ジエチルエーテル1.2g/l, ジクロロメタン0.6g/l, ベンゼン0.2g/l, 二硫化炭素＜0.05g/l at 25℃。水430mg/l(25℃)。アセトン19.8, エタノール10.5,イソプロパ ノール5.5, アセトニトリル1.6, ジエチルエーテル1.2, ジクロロメタン0.6, ベンゼン0.2, 二硫化炭素＜0.05(全てg/l 25℃)。エタノール及びアセトンにやや溶けにくく、水に極めて溶けにくい。
用途
除草剤
説明
Picloram is a colourless crystal. It is very soluble in acetone, ethanol, benzene, and dichloromethane.
It is a systemic herbicide used for general woody plant control, sold under the
trade names Tordon and Grazon. It also controls a wide range of broad-leaved weeds, but
most grasses are resistant. It is used in formulations with other herbicides such as bromoxynil,
diuron, 2,4-D, MCPA, triclorpyr, and atrazine. It is also compatible with fertilisers.
Picloram, in the pyridine family of compounds, is a systemic herbicide used for control of
woody plants and a wide range of broad-leaved weeds. Most grasses are resistant to picloram,
so it is used in range management programs. Picloram is formulated either as an acid
(technical product), a potassium or triisopropanolamine salt, or an isooctyl ester, and is
available as either soluble concentrates, pellets, or granular formulations. The materials
in this document refer to the technical acid form unless otherwise indicated. Picloram
is stable under acidic, neutral and basic conditions. Picloram is formulated either as an
acid (technical product), a potassium or triisopropanolamine salt, or an isooctyl ester, and
is available as either soluble concentrates, pellets, or granular formulations and related
manufacturing impurities.
化学的特性
Picloram is a colorless powder. Chlorine odor.
使用
Picloram is a dicot-selective, persistent herbicide and in salt
form is used to control a variety of annual weeds on crops,
perennial broadleaved herbs, and woody species in combination
with 2,4-D or 2,4,5-T. It can persist in an active form in
the soil from several months to years, and can also be released
from the roots of treated plants into the soil, where other nontarget
species may take it up and die. Picloram is of great use
in the management of unwanted vegetation in rangeland,
grass pastures, and forestry as well as non-cropland and rightsof-
way sites, such as around industrial and military installations,
roads, railways, airports, under power lines, and along
pipelines. Additional uses in some countries include in rice,
sugarcane, cereals, and oilseed rape.
一般的な説明
Fine beige crystals or white powder. Odor of chlorine.
空気と水の反応
Insoluble in water.
反応プロフィール
Picloram may be sensitive to prolonged exposure to light. Aqueous solutions may be decomposed by light. Picloram is incompatible with strong oxidizing agents, strong acids, acid chlorides and acid anhydrides.
健康ハザード
The toxic effects from ingestion or inhalation of dusts of picloram in test animals were mild. The acute oral LD50 values inrats and rabbits are 2900 and 2000 mg/kg,respectively. Maternal toxicity in rats wasobserved at a dose level of 750 mg/kg/day.Oral administration of picloram in rats andmice caused tumors in thyroid and liver.
火災危険
Flash point data for Picloram are not available; however, Picloram is probably combustible.
农业用途
Herbicide: Picloram is a systemic herbicide used for control of woody plants and a wide range of broad-leaved weeds along roads, power lines and long right-of-ways. Most grasses are resistant to picloram, so it is used in range management programs to control noxious weeds and brush. It is used to prepare sites for tree planting. Picloram is formulated either as an acid (technical product), a potassium or triisopropanolamine salt, or an isooctyl ester, and is available as either soluble concentrates, pellets, or granular formulations. During the Vietnam war, a herbicide named Agent White was used to control vegetation. It was a mixture of 2,4-D, triisopropanolamine salt and picloram. A U.S. EPA restricted Use Pesticide (RUP).
製品名
ACCESS®; AMDON®; AMDON GRAZON®; BOROLIN®; GRAZON® Picloram; K-PIN®; PATHWAY®; TORDON®[C]; TORDON® 101 MIXTURE; TORDON® 10 K; TORDON® 22 K
安全性プロファイル
Moderately toxic by
ingestion. Questionable carcinogen with
experimental carcinogenic, neoplas tigenic,
tumorigenic, and teratogenic data. An
experimental teratogen. Mutation data
reported. When heated to decomposition it
emits very toxic fumes of Cland NOx.
職業ばく露
A potential danger to those involved in the manufacture, formulation or application of this herbicide.
代謝
Chemical. Picloram is generally stable to hydrolytic
degradation but will decompose in hot, concentrated
alkali solutions. It undergoes photodecomposition when
irradiated with UV light and, to a lesser extent,
with sunlight. Degradation via photolysis is thought to
primarily involve cleavage of the ring structure and
liberation of substituent chlorine atoms producing oxamic acid and 3-oxo-β-alanine. Decarboxylation is not thought
to be a major pathway in photolytic degradation.
Plant. Hall et al. (16) have shown that in rapeseed
plants (Brassica spp.) >25% of picloram is metabolized
24 hours after treatment.
Soil. There is only limited microbial degradation in the
soil. If picloram remains on the soil surface, it may undergo
photolysis.
輸送方法
UN2588 Pesticides, solid, toxic, Hazard Class: 6.1; Labels: 6.1-Poisonous materials, Technical Name Required.
不和合性
Incompatible with oxidizers (chlorates, nitrates, peroxides, permanganates, perchlorates, chlorine, bromine, fluorine, etc.); contact may cause fires or explosions. Keep away from alkaline materials, strong bases, strong acids, oxoacids, epoxides. Compounds of the carboxyl group react with all bases, both inorganic and organic (i.e., amines) releasing substantial heat, water and a salt that may be harmful. Incompatible with arsenic compounds (releases hydrogen cyanide gas), diazo compounds, dithiocarbamates, isocyanates, mercaptans, nitrides, and sulfides (releasing heat, toxic and possibly flammable gases), thiosulfates and dithionites (releasing hydrogen sulfate and oxides of sulfur). This material is acidic. Reacts with hot concentrated alkali (hydrolyzes), strong bases. May attack metals.
廃棄物の処理
This chlorinated brush killer is usually formulated with 2,4-D and the disposal problems are similar. Incineration @ 1000C for 2 seconds is required for thermal decomposition. Alternatively, the free acid can be precipitated from its solutions by addition of a mineral acid. The concentrated acid can then be incinerated and the dilute residual solution disposed in an area where several years’ persistence in the soil can be tolerated.
4-アミノ-3,5,6-トリクロロピリジン-2-カルボン酸 上流と下流の製品情報
原材料
準備製品