ナノダイヤモンド (粒子径: <10nm) (水素末端) 化学特性,用途語,生産方法
物理的性質
The space lattice of a diamond belongs to the cubic system, and its diamond structure has a lattice
constant of a=0.3560 nm and a cleavage plane of 111.
Diamond is classified optically as Type I and Type II. Type I shows the absorption bands at 8
and 20.8 mm by the impurities other than the 5 mm absorption band. On the other hand, Type II
shows the 5 mm absorption band only.
The transmittance of Type II is T=60% for wavelengths longer than 6 mm. There is no other
material that shows such an optical property.
定義
An allotrope of CARBON. It is the
hardest naturally occurring substance and
is used for jewelry and, industrially, for
cutting and drilling equipment. Each carbon
atom is surrounded by four equally
spaced carbon atoms arranged tetrahedrally.
The carbon atoms form a three-dimensional
network with each
carbon–carbon bond equal to 0.154 nm
and at an angle of 109.5° with its neighbors.
In diamonds millions of atoms are covalently
bonded to form a giant molecular
structure, the great strength of which results
from the strong covalent bonds. Diamonds
can be formed synthetically from
graphite in the presence of a catalyst and
under extreme temperature and pressure;
although small, such diamonds are of adequate
size for many industrial uses.
工業用途
Diamond is the cubic crystalline form of carbon.When pure, diamond is water clear, butimpurities add shades of opaqueness including black. It is the hardest natural material with ahardness on the Knoop scale ranging from 5500to 7000. It will scratch and be scratched by thehardest anthropogenic material Borozon. It hasa specific gravity of 3.5. Diamond has a meltingpoint of around 3871°C, at which point it willgraphitize and then vaporize. Diamonds aregenerally electrical insulators and nonmagnetic.Synthetic diamonds are produced from graphiteat extremely high pressures (5444 to 12,359.9MPa) and temperatures from 1204 to 2427°C.They are up to 0.01 carat in size and are comparableto the quality of industrial diamonds.In powder form they are used in cutting wheels.Of all diamonds mined, about 80% by weightare used in industry. Roughly 45% of the totalindustrial use is in grinding wheels. Tests haveshown that under many conditions syntheticdiamonds are better than mined diamonds inthis application.
ナノダイヤモンド (粒子径: <10nm) (水素末端) 上流と下流の製品情報
原材料
準備製品