1,2-ジニトロベンゼン 化学特性,用途語,生産方法
外観
白色～ほとんど白色粉末～結晶
化学的特性
light yellow-brown powder
使用
1,2-Dinitrobenzene was used as internal standard for analysis of the explosives, TNT, RDX, and tetryl in sea water by vapor phase chromatography with the nickel-63 electron capture detector.
一般的な説明
Colorless to yellow solid. Sinks and slowly mixes with water.
空気と水の反応
Slowly mixes with water.
反応プロフィール
All three isomers have similar properties and may react vigorously with oxidizing materials. Their reaction with nitric acid (nitration) will lead to a mixture of trinitrobenzenes possessing high-explosive properties [Urbanski, 1967, vol. 3, p. 290]. If heat and reaction conditions of the nitration are not controlled, detonation comparable to TNT may occur [Anon., J. R. Inst. Chem., 1960, 84, p. 451]. Mixture of 1,3-dinitrobenzene with tetranitromethane was found highly explosive [Urbanski, 1964, vol. 1, 592]. 1,2-dinitrobenzene is a severe explosion hazard when shocked or exposed to heat or flame. When heated to decomposition all dinitrobenzens emit toxic fumes of nitrogen oxides [Sax, 9th ed., 1996, p. 1374].
健康ハザード
INHALATION, INGESTION, OR SKIN ABSORPTION: Headache, vertigo and vomiting followed by exhaustion, numbness of the legs, staggering and collapse. Intense methemoglobinenia may lead to asphyxia severe enough to injure the CNS. EYES: Irritation. SKIN: Stains skin yellow.
安全性プロファイル
Suspected carcinogen.
Poison by inhalation and ingestion.
Moderately toxic by sktn contact. Can cause
liver, kidney, and central nervous system
injury. Combustible when exposed to heat
or flame; can react vigorously with oxidzing
materials. A severe explosion hazard when
shocked or exposed to heat or flame. It is
used in bursting charges and to fiu artillery
shells. Mixtures with nitric acid are highly
explosive. To fight fire, use water, Co2, dry
chemical. Dangerous; when heated to
decomposition it emits highly toxic fumes of
NO, and explodes. See also mand pDINITROBENZENE and NITRO
COMPOUNDS of AROMATIC
HYDROCARBONS.
環境運命予測
Biological. Under anaerobic and aerobic conditions using a sewage inoculum, 1,2-dinitrobenzene degraded to nitroaniline (Hallas and Alexander, 1983).
Photolytic. Low et al. (1991) reported that the nitro-containing compounds (e.g., 2,4-
dinitrophenol) undergo degradation by UV light in the presence of titanium dioxide yielding
ammonium, carbonate, and nitrate ions. By analogy, 1,2-dinitrobenzene should degrade forming
identical ions.
Chemical/Physical. Releases toxic nitrogen oxides when heated to decomposition (Sax and
Lewis, 1987). 1,2-Dinitrobenzene will not hydrolyze in water (Kollig, 1993).
純化方法
Crystallise it from EtOH. [Beilstein 5 IV 738.]
1,2-ジニトロベンゼン 上流と下流の製品情報
原材料
準備製品