tert-ブチルアミン 化学特性,用途語,生産方法
外観
無色～わずかにうすい黄色, 澄明の液体
溶解性
水, アルコール, エーテルと混和。水に極めて溶けやすく、エタノールに溶ける。
用途
ゴム薬や医薬品、農薬の原料として使用されています。
用途
有機合成(和光試薬時報Vol.62 No.3,p.29(1994))。
用途
主たる用途はブチル化除草剤合成の出発材料?潤滑油添加剤である。
使用上の注意
不活性ガス封入
化学的特性
tert-Butylamine is a colorless liquid with a typical amine-like odor. It is one of the four isomeric amines of butane, the others being n-butylamine, sec-butylamine and isobutylamine. Butylamines are highly flammable, colorless liquids (n-turns yellow on standing) with ammoniacal or fishlike odors. tert-Butylamine is used in the preparation of insecticides, pharmaceuticals, oil additives, and rubber accelerators.
使用
tert-butylamine is used as a precursor for the preparation of rubber accelerators, pharmaceuticals and dyes. It is employed in synthesis of N-tert-butyl-acetamide, isoquinolines, pyridines, decumbenine, sulfontes, sulfonamides and methyl beta-ketophosphonate. It is also used in the study the effect of amines in influencing atmospheric sulfuric acid - water nucleation, hydroamination of terminal alkynes and measuring the surface acidity of solid catalyst. It acts as an indicator molecule in the study of NMR -based pH determination method.
調製方法
tert-Butylamine is manufactured by reacting isobutylamine
with sulfuric acid followed by cyanide to tert-butylformamide.
Hydrolysis yields t-butylamine. It is used as a solvent
and in organic syntheses.
定義
ChEBI: Tert-butylamine is a primary aliphatic amine that is ethylamine substituted by two methyl groups at position 1. It is a conjugate base of a tert-butylammonium.
製造方法
tert-Butylamine is produced commercially by direct amination of isobutylene using zeolite catalysts:
NH3 + CH2=C(CH3)2 → H2NC(CH3)3
The Ritter reaction of isobutene with hydrogen cyanide is not useful because it produces too much waste.
(CH3)2C=CH2 + HCN + H2O → (CH3)3CNHCHO
(CH3)3CNHCHO + H2O → (CH3)3CNH2 + HCO2H
In the laboratory, it can be prepared by the hydrogenolysis of 2,2-dimethylethylenimine, or via tert-butylphthalimide.
主な応用
Tert-Butylamine is also used for the production of herbicides, i.e., terbacil and the triazines terbutylazine, terbumeton, and terbutryn and insecticides (e.g., diafenthiuron). A derivative has also been proposed as stabilizer for cosmetics.
一般的な説明
Tert-butylamine appears as a clear colorless liquid with an ammonia-like odor. Flash point 70°F. Less dense (at 6.2 lb / gal) than water. Vapors heavier than air. Toxic oxides of nitrogen produced during combustion.
空気と水の反応
Highly flammable. May be sensitive to air . Soluble in water.
反応プロフィール
tert-Butylamine neutralizes acids in exothermic reactions to form salts plus water. May be incompatible with isocyanates, halogenated organics, peroxides, phenols (acidic), epoxides, anhydrides, and acid halides. Flammable gaseous hydrogen is generated in combination with strong reducing agents, such as hydrides. Undergoes highly exothermic reaction with 2,2-dibromo-1,3-dimethylcyclopropanoic acid [J. Chem. Soc., 1, 1979, 2324].
危険性
Skin irritant. Flammable, dangerous fire
risk.
健康ハザード
Inhalation causes irritation of nose, mouth, and lungs. Ingestion causes irritation of mouth and stomach. Contact with liquid causes severe irritation of eyes and moderate irritation of skin.
火災危険
Special Hazards of Combustion Products: Toxic oxides of nitrogen may form in fire.
安全性プロファイル
Poison by ingestion.
Moderately toxic to humans by inhalation. A
corrosive liquid. See also n-BUTYLAMINE
and AMINES. Very dangerous fire hazard
when exposed to heat or flame. Very
exothermic reaction with 2,2-dibromo-l,3
dimethylcyclopropanoic acid. To fight fire,
use alcohol foam. When heated to
decomposition it emits toxic fumes of NOx.
職業ばく露
Alert: (n-isomer): Possible risk of
forming tumors, suspected of causing genetic defects, suspected reprotoxic hazard, Primary irritant (w/o allergic
reaction), (sec-isomer): Drug. n-Butylamine is used in
pharmaceuticals; dyestuffs, rubber, chemicals, emulsifying
agents; photography, desizing agents for textiles; pesticides, and synthetic agents. sec-Butylamine is used as a
fungistate. tert-Butylamine is used as a chemical intermediate in the production of tert-Butylaminoethyl methacrylate
(a lube oil additive); as an intermediate in the production
of rubber and in rust preventatives and emulsion deterrents
in petroleum products. It is used in the manufacture of
several drugs
輸送方法
UN1125 n-Butylamine, Hazard Class: 3; Labels:
3—Flammable liquid, 8—Corrosive material. UN2014
Isobutylamine, Hazard Class: 3; Labels: 3—Flammable
liquid, 8—Corrosive material
純化方法
Dry it with KOH or LiAlH4, and/or distil it from CaH2 or BaO. [Beilstein 4 IV 657.]
不和合性
May form explosive mixture with air.
May accumulate static electrical charges, and may causeignition of its vapors. n-Butylamine is a weak base; reacts
with strong oxidizers and acids, causing fire and explosion
hazard. Incompatible with organic anhydrides; isocyanates,
vinyl acetate; acrylates, substituted allyls; alkylene oxides;
epichlorohydrin, ketones, aldehydes, alcohols, glycols, phenols, cresols, caprolactum solution. Attacks some metals in
presence of moisture. The tert-isomer will attack some
forms of plastics
廃棄物の処理
Use a licensed professional
waste disposal service to dispose of this material. Dissolve
or mix the material with a combustible solvent and burn in
a chemical incinerator equipped with an afterburner andscrubber. All federal, state, and local environmental regulations must be observed.
tert-ブチルアミン 上流と下流の製品情報
原材料
準備製品