ソラフェニブ 化学特性,用途語,生産方法
解説
腎細胞癌や肝細胞癌の治療に用いられる分子標的治療薬の一つ。癌細胞の増殖に関与する酵素の働きを阻害する働きと、癌細胞に酸素や栄養を供給する血管の新生を阻害する働きをもつ。商品名、ネクサバール。
小学館 デジタル大辞泉について 情報 | 凡例
用途
ソラフェニブ（英: Sorafenib）は、腎癌?肝細胞癌に対して用いられる分子標的治療薬の一つ。バイエル薬品とオニキス?ファーマシューティカルが開発し、ソラフェニブのトシル酸塩が製剤化されている。
ソラフェニブには大きく言って2つの作用点がある。B-Rafのキナーゼ活性やc-KIT受容体のチロシンキナーゼ活性などを阻害することで腫瘍進行を阻止する一方で、血管内皮増殖因子受容体（VEGFR）や血小板由来成長因子受容体（PDGFR）のチロシンキナーゼ活性を阻害し腫瘍血管形成に対抗する。奏効率は4％程度だが、対プラセボで無増悪生存率を4倍に延長させたとされ、腎細胞癌などに有効である。
効能
抗悪性腫瘍薬, チロシンキナーゼ阻害薬
説明
Sorafenib is a small molecular inhibitor of several kinases involved in tumor
angiogenesis and proliferation, including, but not limited to, Raf (IC
50=12nM for
Raf-1), VEGFR (IC
50=90nM for VEGFR-2 and IC
50=12nM for VEGFR-3),
and platelet derived growth factor receptor (IC
50=57nM for PDGFR-b). Specifically,
sorafenib blocks tumor progression by inhibiting cellular proliferation that is
dependent on activation of the MAPK pathway (Raf) and/or inhibiting tumor
angiogenesis through VEGFR and/or PDGFR. While it may be effective in the
treatment of a variety of tumors, the first approvable indication is for renal cell
carcinoma. Overall, the drug appears to be well tolerated by the majority
of patients at the 400 mg b.i.d. continuous dosing. As an inhibitor of multiple
kinases vital for tumor progression, sorafenib may possess wide-spectrum antitumor
properties and may emerge as an effective weapon against a variety of solid
tumors.
化学的特性
Light Yellow Solid
使用
Sorafenib Tosylate (Bay 43-9006, Nexavar) is a small molecular inhibitor of VEGFR, PDGFR, c-Raf and B-Raf with IC50s of 18 nM, 10 nM, 3 nM and 15 nM, respectively.
定義
ChEBI: Sorafenib is a member of the class of phenylureas that is urea in which one of the nitrogens is substituted by a 4-chloro-3-trifluorophenyl group while the other is substituted by a phenyl group which, in turn, is substituted at the para position by a [2-(methylcarbamoyl)pyridin-4-yl]oxy group. It has a role as an antineoplastic agent, an EC 2.7.11.1 (non-specific serine/threonine protein kinase) inhibitor, a tyrosine kinase inhibitor, an angiogenesis inhibitor, an anticoronaviral agent and a ferroptosis inducer. It is a pyridinecarboxamide, a member of monochlorobenzenes, an aromatic ether, a member of (trifluoromethyl)benzenes and a member of phenylureas.
適応症
Sorafenib (Nexavar(R), Bayer) was the first approved inhibitor targeting the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) family kinases, which include VEGFR1, VEGR2, and VEGFR3. Sorafenib was originally approved for the treatment of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) in 2005, hepatocellular carcinoma in 2007, and locally recurrent or metastatic thyroid carcinoma refractory to radioactive iodine treatment in 2013. Six other approved inhibitors with VEGFRs as the main targets are sunitinib (Sutent(R), Pfizer) for RCC, soft tissue sarcoma, thyroid cancer,metastatic pancreatic tumors, gastrointestinal stromal tumor, and several other types of carcinomas; pazopanib (Votrient(R), GlaxoSmithKline) for RCC, soft tissue sarcoma, and thyroid cancer; axitinib (Inlyta(R), Pfizer) for RCC,thyroid cancer, and aplastic anemia, as well as T315I-mutant Bcr–Abl1-driven leukemia; regorafenib (Stivarga(R), Bayer) for gastrointestinal stromal tumors and colorectal cancer; nintedanib (Ofev(R), Boehringer Ingelheim) for the non-oncological indication of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis; and lenvatinib (Lenvima(R), Eisai Inc.) for RCC and different types of thyroid cancers. Sunitinib, pazopanib, and lenvatinib bind to the “DFG-in”conformation of VEGFRs, while axitinib, regorafenib, and nintedanib bind to inactive VEGFRs adopting the “DFG-out”conformation.
ソラフェニブ 上流と下流の製品情報
原材料
準備製品