D-グルクロン酸 化学特性,用途語,生産方法
外観
白色～ほとんど白色, 結晶性粉末～粉末
定義
本品は、次の化学式で表される糖酸である。
解説
D-グルクロン酸，融点 156℃の針状晶。植物界では麦わら，木材などの構造多糖類の構成成分として，動物界ではコンドロイチン硫酸，ヒアルロン酸などの構成成分として存在する。グルコースのアルデヒド基を保護したのち，過マンガン酸カリウムで酸化するか，アカシアのゴム質の加水分解物からつくられる。動物の解毒作用に関係のある物質で，動物にモルフィンやショウノウなどを投与すると，これらの毒物とグリコシド結合して尿中に排泄される。薬物副作用などに内用する。
森北出版「化学辞典（第2版）
製造
D-グルクロン酸略号GlcU．D-グルクロン酸はコンドロイチン硫酸，ヘパリン，ヒアルロン酸などのムコ多糖類や，アラビアゴム，麦ワラなどの多糖類の構成成分として広く動物，植物界に分布している．血液や尿中には，微量ながら遊離状で存在する．植物性ゴム質，粘液質，配糖体の加水分解のほか，D-グルカル酸-1,4-ラクトンの部分還元，1,2,3,4-テトラ-O-アセチル-D-グルコピラノースの酸化など，種々の方法で得られる．
化粧品の成分用途
pH調整剤、キレート剤、保湿.湿潤剤
使用上の注意
アルゴン封入
説明
Glucuronic acid (from Ancient Greek γλυκ?? "sweet" + ο?ρον "urine") is a carboxylic acid. Its structure is similar to that of glucose. However, glucuronic acid's sixth carbon is oxidized to a carboxylic acid. Its formula is C
6H
10O
7. The salts and esters of glucuronic acid are known as glucuronates; the anion C
6H
9O
7-is the glucuronate ion.
化学的特性
White Solid
使用
- D-Glucuronic acid is widely distributed in the plant and animal kingdoms. D-Glucuronic acid usually occurs in "paired" form as a glycosidic combination with phenols, alcohols. Such glucuronides form in the liver to detoxify poisonous hydroxyl-containing substances. The glucuronides present in normal urine are those of phenol, cresol, and indoxyl. After the ingestion of poisons such as morphine, chloral hydrate, camphor, or turpentine, glucuronides formed with the poison or its hydroxylated derivatives appear in the urine.
- Chiral D-Glucuronic acid is a basic building block of hyaluronic acid and chondroitin sulfate. It is a precursor to vitamin C, the chief detoxifying agent in plants and animals.
- D-Glucuronic Acid is a sugar acid formed by the oxidation of the C-6 carbon of GLUCOSE. In addition to being a key intermediate metabolite of the uronic acid pathway, glucuronic acid also plays a role in the detoxification of certain drugs and toxins by conjugating with them to form GLUCURONIDES.
定義
ChEBI: A D-glucopyranuronic acid in which the anomeric centre has alpha-configuration.
生物学の機能
Proteoglycans Glucuronic acid is common in carbohydrate chains of proteoglycans. It is part of mucous animal secretions (such as saliva), cell glycocalyx and intercellular matrix (for instance hyaluronan))
Glucuronidation of toxic substances In the animal body, glucuronic acid is often linked to the xenobiotic metabolism of substances such as drugs, pollutants, bilirubin, androgens, estrogens, mineralocorticoids, glucocorticoids, fatty acid derivatives, retinoids, and bile acids. These linkages involve glycosidic bonds, and this linkage process is known as glucuronidation. Glucuronidation occurs mainly in the liver, although the enzyme responsible for its catalysis, UDP-glucuronyltransferase, has been found in all major body organs, e.g., intestine, kidneys, brain, adrenal gland, spleen, and thymus.
UseDetermination of urinary steroids and of steroid conjugates in blood. Contained in some commercially available brands of Kombucha as an antioxidant & organic acid In all plants and mammals - other than guinea pigs and primatesglucuronic acid is a precursor of ascorbic acid , also known as vitamin c.
ConformationUnlike its C5 epimer iduronic acid, which may occur in a number of conformations, glucuronic acid occurs in predominantly the
4C
1 conformation.
GlucuronidasesGlucuronidases are those enzymes that hydrolyze the glycosidic bond between glucuronic acid and some other compound.
一般的な説明
Pharmaceutical secondary standards for application in quality control provide pharma laboratories and manufacturers with a convenient and cost-effective alternative to the preparation of in-house working standards
純化方法
Crystallise the acid from EtOH or EtOAc, wash it with MeOH and dry it in vacuo to give the “ ” form. Heating converts it to the lactone (see below). The sodium salt monohydrate [207300-70-7] M 234.1 has m ~136-138o(dec) [] D 20 +21o (c 2, H2O after 2hours). [Sutter & Reichstein Helv Chim Acta 21 1210 1938, Beilstein 3 H 886, 3 IV 1997.]
D-グルクロン酸 上流と下流の製品情報
原材料
準備製品