2-アセトアミドフルオレン 化学特性,用途語,生産方法
外観
白色～うすい褐色, 結晶性粉末～粉末又は塊
溶解性
エタノールに溶け、水にほとんど溶けない。
用途
有機合成原料。
化学的特性
WHITE TO YELLOW-BROWN CRYSTALLINE POWDER
使用
N-(2-Fluorenyl)acetamide (2-Acetamidofluorene, 2-AAF), a genotoxic carcinogen, is used to induce liver cancer in animal models such as the 2-AAF/partial hepatectomy rat. 2-AAF may be used to study the mechanism of liver carcinogenesis and as a reference material during its identification or quantitation.
定義
ChEBI: The parent of the class of 2-acetamidofluorenes, being an ortho-fused polycyclic arene that consists of 9H-fluorene bearing an acetamido substituent at position 2. It is a carcinogenic and mutagenic derivative of fluorene.
調製方法
2-Acetylaminofluorene is produced for research purposes
only with an estimated U.S. annual usage of less than 20
lb. It was originally developed as a possible insecticide
but has never been used for this purpose after discovery of its
carcinogenicity. It is now almost exclusively used in the
laboratory studies as a model carcinogen and mutagen.
一般的な説明
White powder or light beige solid.
空気と水の反応
Insoluble in water.
反応プロフィール
2-ACETAMIDOFLUORENE is incompatible with acids, bases and oxidizing agents. Ozone and chlorinating agents oxidize 2-ACETAMIDOFLUORENE .
健康ハザード
2-Acetylaminofluorene (AAF) is
a potent carcinogen in dogs, hamsters, and rats.
There is no toxicity information on
humans.1
火災危険
Flash point data for 2-ACETAMIDOFLUORENE are not available; however, 2-ACETAMIDOFLUORENE is probably combustible.
安全性プロファイル
Confirmed human
carcinogen with experimental carcinogenic,
neoplas tigenic, tumorigenic, and teratogenic
data. Moderately toxic by ingestion and
intraperitoneal routes. Experimental
reproductive effects. Human mutation data
reported. When heated to decomposition it
emits toxic fumes of NOx.
職業ばく露
2-AAF was intended to be used as a pesticide, but it was never marketed because this chemical was found to be carcinogenic. AAF is used frequently by biochemists and technicians engaged in the study of liver enzymes and the carcinogenicity and mutagenicity ofaromatic amines as a positive control. Therefore, these persons may be exposed to AAF.
発がん性
2-Acetylaminofluorene is reasonably anticipated to be a human carcinogen based on sufficient evidence of carcinogenicity from studies in experimental animals.
環境運命予測
Biological. In the presence of suspended natural populations from unpolluted aquatic systems,
the second-order microbial transformation rate constant determined in the laboratory was reported
to be 4.8 ± 2.8 x 10
-12 L/organism?h (Steen, 1991).
Chemical/Physical. Based on first-order rate constants determined at 85.5 °C, hydrolysis halflives
at pH values of 2.49, 2.97, 7.34, 9.80, 10.25, and 10.39 were 4.2, 12, 41, 13, 7.2, and 1.9 d,
respectively (Ellington et al., 1987). Releases toxic nitrogen oxides when heated to decomposition
(Sax and Lewis, 1987).
輸送方法
UN3077 Environmentally hazardous substances, solid, n.o.s., Hazard class: 9; Labels: 9-Miscellaneous hazardous material, Technical Name Required.
純化方法
Recrystallise it from toluene (1.3mg in 100mL). Its solubility in H2O is 1.3mg/L at 25o, UV: max nm(log ) : 288(4.43), 313(4.13). [Sawicki J Org Chem 21 271 1956.] It can also be recrystallised from 50% AcOH. [Diels et al. Chem Ber 35 3285 1902]. 9-14C and -14C 2-acetamidofluorene were recrystallised from aqueous EtOH and had m 194-195o and 194o respectively. Potent CARCINOGEN. [Miller et al. Cancer Res 9 504 1949, 10 616 1950, Sadin et al. J Am Chem Soc 74 5073 1952, Beilstein 12 H 3287, 12 IV 3373.]
不和合性
Hygroscopic. Contact with strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions. Not compatible with cyanides, acids, and/or acid anhydrides. May form unstable and explosive peroxides; a possible polymerization hazard. Contact with strong oxidizers or strong reducing agents may form flammable gases and cause fire and explosions. A weak base that may react as an acid. Incompatible with strong bases (forming potentially dangerous salts), chlorinated hydrocarbons, nitro compounds. Reacts with azo and diazo compounds, generating toxic gases. Contact with mixture of acetic acid 1 dinitrogen trioxide may cause explosion.
廃棄物の処理
Consult with environmental regulatory agencies for guidance on acceptable disposal practices. Generators of waste containing this contaminant (≥100 kg/mo) must conform with EPA regulations governing storage, transportation, treatment, and waste disposal. Presumably high-temperature incineration with scrubber for any produced nitrogen oxides can be used
2-アセトアミドフルオレン 上流と下流の製品情報
原材料
準備製品