クリセン 化学特性,用途語,生産方法
外観
白色〜わずかにうすい黄色, 結晶性粉末〜粉末又は塊
化学的特性
白または銀灰色、黄緑色の鱗状または平らな斜方晶、ベンゼン中で無色の斜方輝石を形成し、紫外線下で紫色の蛍光を発します。 可燃性。 有毒。 真空中で昇華しやすい。 融点は255°C、沸点は440.7°C、相対密度は1.274です。 アルコール、エーテル、二硫化炭素、氷酢酸にわずかに溶ける、1gは25℃で1300mlの無水エタノールと480mlのトルエンに溶ける、100℃で約5％のトルエンに溶ける、沸騰するベンゼンにわずかに溶ける、水に溶けない。
溶解性
熱アセトンに溶ける。
解説
クリセンは石炭タール中に少量存在する縮合多環式芳香族炭化水素．粗製品は薄黄に着色しているが，クロマトグラフィーその他によって精製できる．コレステロールをパラジウム炭素と加熱して合成することもできる．結晶．融点255～256 ℃，沸点448 ℃．1.274．λmax 220，276，319，360 nm(log ε 4.56，5.14，4.2，3.6)．ベンゼンなどに熱時溶けるが，エタノール，エーテルに難溶．発がん性がある．
発がん性がある．森北出版「化学辞典（第2版）
用途
ゴムまたはプラスチック中の顔料
用途
非磁性金属表面の傷を検出するための蛍光剤、化学機器用のUVフィルター、光増感剤および写真増感剤。溶媒としての洗浄油および農薬プロパニルの相乗剤の代わりに、染料製造に使用されます。
用途
環境(大気)分析用標準品。
製造方法
コールチャーまたはウォームピッチ蒸留から抽出。 ピッチ留出物の蒸留により得られた留出物画分を、ベンゼンとトリメチルベンゼンの混合溶媒と1：0.5または1：1の比率で混合し、110〜130℃の温度で3時間抽出し、抽出するかき混ぜる必要があります。 約２０時間の沈殿後、結晶性ケミカルブックを真空吸引濾過により分離し、乾燥させて工業製品を得た。 1：1の洗浄油で2回再結晶し、得られた粗生成物を2％〜5％の無水マレイン酸の存在下で洗浄油に溶解し、125〜135℃に加熱します。 次に、20〜25°Cで結晶化し、遠心分離機で分離し、ベンゼンで洗浄し、乾燥させて、純度85％〜90％の製品を取得します。
化学的特性
Chrysene is a combustible, white (when pure), red, or blue, fluorescent crystalline solid. Odorless. Chrysene 859 Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are compounds containing multiple benzene rings and are also called polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons
物理的性質
Orthorhombic, bipyramidal plates from benzene exhibiting strong reddish-blue fluorescence under
UV light
使用
Chrysene may be used as an analytical reference standard for the determination of the analyte in fish bile, air particulate extracts and food samples by various chromatography techniques.
一般的な説明
A crystalline solid. Denser than water and insoluble in water. The primary hazard is the threat to the environment. Immediate steps should be taken to limit spread to the environment. Toxic by ingestion. Used to make other chemicals.
空気と水の反応
Insoluble in water.
反応プロフィール
Vigorous reactions, sometimes amounting to explosions, can result from the contact between aromatic hydrocarbons, such as Chrysene, and strong oxidizing agents. They can react exothermically with bases and with diazo compounds. Substitution at the benzene nucleus occurs by halogenation (acid catalyst), nitration, sulfonation, and the Friedel-Crafts reaction.
危険性
Possible carcinogen.
健康ハザード
There is very little information published onthe acute toxicity of chrysene. The oral toxicity is expected to be low. Animal studies showsufficient evidence of carcinogenicity. It produced skin cancer in animals. Subcutaneousadministration of chrysene in mice causedtumors at the site of application. Cancer-causing evidence in humans is not known. Ahistidine reversion–Ames test for mutagenicity showed positive.
火災危険
Some may burn but none ignite readily. Containers may explode when heated. Some may be transported hot.
安全性プロファイル
Confirmed carcinogen
with experimental carcinogenic,
neoplastigenic, and tumorigenic data by skin
contact. Human mutation data reported.
When heated to decomposition it emits
acrid smoke and fumes.
職業ばく露
Almost never found by itself, chrysene is found in gasoline and diesel exhaust as well as in cigarette smoke; and in coal tar; coal tar pitch; creosote. It is used in organic synthesis.
発がん性
The IARC has determined that there is
limited evidence that chrysene is carcinogenic
to experimental animals.ACGIH has classified
chrysene as a confirmed animal carcinogen
with unknown relevance to humans; a numerical
threshold limit value (TLV) is not
recommended.
環境運命予測
Biological. When chrysene was statically incubated in the dark at 25 °C with yeast extract and
settled domestic wastewater inoculum, significant biodegradation with varied adaptation rates was
observed. At concentrations of 5 and 10 mg/L, 59 and 38% biodegradation, respectively, were
observed after 28 d (Tabak et al., 1981).
Soil. The reported half-lives for chrysene in a Kidman sandy loam and McLaurin sandy loam
are 371 and 387 d, respectively (Park et al., 1990).
Surface Water. In a 5-m deep surface water body, the calculated half-lives for direct
photochemical transformation at 40 °N latitude, in the midsummer during midday were 13 h and
68 d with and without sediment-water partitioning, respectively (Zepp and Schlotzhauer, 1979).
Photolytic. Based on structurally related compounds, chrysene may undergo photolysis to yield
quinones (U.S. EPA, 1985) and/or hydroxy derivatives (Nielsen et al., 1983). The atmospheric
half-life was estimated to range from 0.802 to 8.02 h (Atkinson, 1987). Behymer and Hites (1985)
determined the effect of different substrates on the rate of photooxidation of chrysene using a
rotary photoreactor. The photolytic half-lives of chrysene using silica gel, alumina, and fly ash
were 100, 78, and 38 h, respectively.
輸送方法
UN3077 Environmentally Hazardous substances, solid, n.o.s., Hazard class: 9; Labels: 9-Miscellaneous hazardous material, Technical Name Required.
純化方法
Purify chrysene by chromatography on alumina from pet ether in a darkened room. Its solution in *C6H6 is passed through a column of decolorising charcoal, then crystallised by concentrating the eluate. It has also been purified by crystallising from *C6H6 or *C6H6/pet ether, and by zone refining. [Gorman et al. J Am Chem Soc 107 4404 1985]. It is freed from 5H-benzo[b]carbazole by dissolving it in N,N-dimethylformamide and successively adding small portions of alkali and iodomethane until the fluorescent colour of the carbazole anion no longer appears when alkali is added. The chrysene (and alkylated 5H-benzo[b]carbazole) separate on addition of water. Final purification is by crystallisation from ethylcyclohexane and/or from 2-methoxyethanol [Bender et al. Anal Chem 36 1011 1964]. It can be sublimed in a vacuum. [Beilstein 5 IV 2554.]
不和合性
Contact with strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosion hazard
廃棄物の処理
Chrysene may be destroyed by permanganate oxidation, by high-temperature incinerator with scrubbing equipment; or by microwave plasma treatment.
クリセン 上流と下流の製品情報
原材料
水質分析用標準溶液 1,2,4-トリメチルベンゼン (1mg/mL メタノール溶液)
アスファルトヒューム
無水マレイン酸
Polishing oil
1-Naphthalenecarboxaldehyde, 2-(2-formylphenyl)-
2-BROMOCHRYSENE
Benzene, 1,1'-(1E)-1,2-ethenediylbis[2-ethynyl-
1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロクリセン
1-(2-((4-Methoxyphenyl)ethynyl)phenyl)ethanone
2-エチニルベンズアルデヒド
2,5-ノルボルナジエン
2-ブロモベンゾイル クロリド
1-ヨードナフタレン
トリフルオロメタンスルホン酸2-(トリメチルシリル)フェニル
準備製品