수소화칼슘

수소화칼슘 속성

수소화칼슘 C화학적 특성, 용도, 생산

개요

Calcium hydride is a gray powder (white if pure, which is rare). It reacts vigorously with water liberating H2 gas. CaH2 is thus used as a drying agent, i.e. a desiccant. It is prepared directly from the metal or by reacting CaCO3 with hydrogen at elevated temperatures. The overall reaction is shown as follows:
CaCO3＋heat＋H2→CaH2＋H2O＋CO2
CaH2 is a saline hydride, meaning that its structure is salt-like. The alkali metals and the alkaline earth metals all form saline hydrides. These species are insoluble in all solvents with which they do not react because they have extended structures. CaH2 crystallizes in the PbCl2 structural pattern.
The reaction of CaH2 with water can be represented as follows:
CaH2＋2H2O0Ca(OH)2＋2H2
The two hydrolysis products, H2, a gas, and Ca(OH)2, an aqueous mixture of solid plus liquid (i.e. a slurry), are readily separated from the solvent by distillation, filtration, or decantation.

화학적 성질

Pure calcium hydride crystallizes in the form of colorless, hexagonal prisms, but the industrial product contains some calcium metal and is consequently gray. On heating, calcium hydride decomposes without melting. In keeping with its salt-like character it is insoluble in inert solvents but dissolves in molten LiCl – KCl eutectic mixtures (352℃). Calcium hydride can be safely handled in air, but is slowly attacked and crumbles to powder if the air is moist. It reacts with dry oxygen or nitrogen if heated above 500℃, forming the oxide or nitride, respectively.

물리적 성질

Grayish orthorhombic crystal or powder; stable at ambient temperature; density 1.70 g/cm³; melts at 816°C; reacts with water and alcohol.

용도

To prepare rare metals by reduction of their oxides; as a drying agent for liquids and gases; to generate hydrogen: 1 g of calcium hydride in water liberates 1 liter of hydrogen at STP; in organic syntheses.

제조 방법

Calcium hydride may be prepared from its elements by direct combination of calcium and hydrogen at 300 to 400°C. It also can be made by heating calcium chloride with hydrogen in the presence of sodium metal:
CaCl₂ + H₂ + 2Na → CaH₂ + NaCl
Alternatively, calcium hydride may be prepared by the reduction of calcium oxide with magnesium in the presence of hydrogen:
CaO + Mg + H₂ → CaH₂ + MgO.

생산 방법

Calcium hydride ignites in air on heating and can explode violently if mixed and rubbed with a strong oxidizing agent such as perchlorate or bromate. Contact with water produces hydrogen which can create a fire hazard in a confined space.

일반 설명

Grayish-colored lump or crystalline solid. Irritating to skin and eyes. Used to make other chemicals.

공기와 물의 반응

Ignites in air or reacts violently, sometimes explosively, with air of high humidity [Bretherick 1979 p. 107]. Reacts exothermically with water to generate flammable hydrogen gas and calcium hydroxide, a base. [Merck, 11th ed. 1989].

반응 프로필

When silver fluoride is ground with CALCIUM HYDRIDE the mass becomes incandescent [Mellor 3:389 1946-47]. Heating the hydride strongly with chlorine, bromine, or iodine leads to incandescence. Mixtures of the hydride with various bromates, i.e. barium bromate; chlorates, i.e. barium chlorate, and perchlorates, i.e. potassium perchlorate; explode on grinding, [Mellor, 1946, vol. 3, 651]. CaH2 reacts incandescently with AgF if subject to friction. (Mellor, 1941, Vol. 3, 389, 651).

위험도

Evolves highly flammable hydrogen when wet; solid product is slaked lime. Irritating to skin.

건강위험

Inhalation or contact with vapors, substance or decomposition products may cause severe injury or death. May produce corrosive solutions on contact with water. Fire will produce irritating, corrosive and/or toxic gases. Runoff from fire control may cause pollution.

화재위험

Produce flammable gases on contact with water. May ignite on contact with water or moist air. Some react vigorously or explosively on contact with water. May be ignited by heat, sparks or flames. May re-ignite after fire is extinguished. Some are transported in highly flammable liquids. Runoff may create fire or explosion hazard.

수소화칼슘 준비 용품 및 원자재

원자재

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수소화칼슘 공급 업체

공급자	전화	이메일	국가	제품 수	이점
Firsky International Trade (Wuhan) Co., Ltd	+8615387054039	admin@firsky-cn.com	China	436	58
Hangzhou ICH Biofarm Co., Ltd	+undefined8613073685410	sales@ichemie.com	China	985	58
Henan Tianfu Chemical Co.,Ltd.	+86-0371-55170693 +86-19937530512	info@tianfuchem.com	China	21695	55
career henan chemical co	+86-0371-86658258	sales@coreychem.com	China	29914	58
Hebei Guanlang Biotechnology Co., Ltd.	+86-19930503282	alice@crovellbio.com	China	8822	58
Hubei xin bonus chemical co. LTD	86-13657291602	linda@hubeijusheng.com	CHINA	22968	58
Shanghai Longyu Biotechnology Co., Ltd.	+8615821988213	info@longyupharma.com	China	2531	58
Chongqing Chemdad Co., Ltd	+86-023-61398051 +8613650506873	sales@chemdad.com	China	39916	58
CONIER CHEM AND PHARMA LIMITED	+8618523575427	sales@conier.com	China	47465	58
Hebei Mojin Biotechnology Co., Ltd	+8613288715578	sales@hbmojin.com	China	12452	58

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