METHOPRENE C화학적 특성, 용도, 생산
개요
Methoprene is the common name for a racemic mixture of two
enantiomers (R and S in a ratio of 1:1). The activity of the
compound as a juvenile hormone (JH) mimic is restricted to
the S enantiomer. Methoprene was the first insect growth
regulator approved in the 1970s by the US Environmental
Protection Agency after extensive studies showing low toxicity
to vertebrates and rapid natural chemical degradation in the
environment and through organism metabolism. Nowadays, it
is one of the most widely used and successful insect growth
regulators. Different products containing methoprene (e.g.,
pesticides, veterinary drugs) are commercially available in
different forms (emulsifiable concentrates, granules, pellets,
briquettes, aerosols, or sustained-release formulations). Some
of these are applied to water for mosquito control whereas
others are sprayed in areas where foods are stored to prevent
insect infestations. Methoprene may be used in combination
with other active insecticides to optimize pest control.
화학적 성질
Amber colored liquid. Faint fruity odor.
용도
Methoprene controls many insect pests (Diptera, Pharaoh’s ants,
and also Coleoptera, Homoptera and Siphonaptera) in public health,
stored commodities, food handling, processing and storage establishments,
mushroom houses, on animals and on plants (including glasshouse
plants).
정의
An insecticidal
preparation said to act in the manner of a juvenile hormone, which arrests development of insects
in the larval stage.
농업용
Insect growth hormone: Methoprene is an insect growth regulator (IGR) used
against a variety of insects including horn flies, mosquitoes,
beetles, tobacco moths, sciarid flies, fleas (eggs and larvae), fire ants, pharoah ants, midge flies and Indian meal moths.
Controlling some of these insects, methoprene is used in
the production of a number of foods including meat, milk,
mushrooms, peanuts, rice and cereals. It also has several
uses on domestic animals (pets) for controlling fleas and to
control insects in wastewater, sludge beds and ponds. For
oral use in dogs, 9 weeks of age and older and 4 pounds
body weight or greater, for the prevention and control of
flea populations [21 CFR 520.1390]. Not approved for use
in EU countries
. Registered for use in the U.S.
상품명
ALTOSID®; APEX®; DIACON®;
DIANEX®; ENT 70,460®; EXTINGUISH®;
FLEATROL®; KABAT®; MANTA®; MOORMAN’S®
IGR CATTLE CONCENTRATE; OVITROL®;
PHARORID®; PRECOR®; ZR-515®
잠재적 노출
Methoprene is a natural insect growth
regulator (IGR) that mimics juvenile hormone(s) and is
used against a variety of insects including horn flies, mosquitoes, beetles, tobacco moths, sciarid flies, fleas (eggs
and larvae), fire ants, pharoah ants, midge flies and Indian
meal moths. Controlling some of these insects, methoprene
is used in the production of a number of foods including
meat, milk, mushrooms, peanuts, rice and cereals. It also
has several uses on domestic animals (pets) for controlling
fleas and to control insects in wastewater, sludge beds and
ponds. For oral use in dogs, 9 weeks of age and older and
4 lb body weight or greater, for the prevention and control
of flea populations
환경귀착
Methoprene may be degraded by demethylation, hydrolysis,
oxidative cleavage, and photodegradation, resulting in the
formation of a series of metabolites that include methoprene
acid and citronellic acid. The primary modes of degradation are
photodegradation and degradation by aquatic microorganisms.
It is metabolized rapidly in soil under both aerobic and
anaerobic conditions (half-life = 10–14 days). The major
microbial degradation product is carbon dioxide. Degradation
in both freshwater and saltwater is also quite rapid with a halflife
of 10–35 days at 20 ℃. Methoprene is not very soluble in
water (<2 ppm) and as a result is not highly mobile in soil.
Because of this and its rapid biodegradation, methoprene does
not persist for long periods in soil and is unlikely to contaminate
groundwater. When released into water, methoprene is
expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment. A high
potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms has been
suggested, with an estimated bioconcentration factor of 3400.
However, studies with bluegill sunfish, showed no significant
bioconcentration of methoprene in fish tissues as a result of
aquatic exposure.
Methoprene rapidly degrades in plants, with a half-life of
1–2 days in alfalfa when applied at a rate of 1 pound per acre.
In rice, the half-life is less than 1 day. In wheat, its half-life was
reported to be 3–7 weeks, depending on the level of moisture
in the plant.
신진 대사 경로
Methoprene is readily degraded biologically by hydrolysis of the ester
group, O-demethylation and oxidative cleavage of the bond at the
4-position.
운송 방법
UN3082 Environmentally hazardous substances,
liquid, n.o.s., Hazard class: 9; Labels: 9-Miscellaneous hazardous material, Technical Name Required
폐기물 처리
It is the responsibility of chemical waste generators to
determine if a discarded chemical is classified as a hazardous waste. See 40 CFR Parts 261.3 for United States
Environmental Protection Agency guidelines for the classification determination. In addition, in order to ensure complete and accurate classification, waste generators must
consult state and local hazardous waste regulations.
Incineration might be an effective disposal procedure
where permitted. If an efficient incinerator is not available, the product should be mixed with large amounts of
combustible material and contact with the smoke should
be avoided. In accordance with 40CFR165, follow recommendations for the disposal of pesticides and pesticide
containers
METHOPRENE 준비 용품 및 원자재
원자재
준비 용품
