Apremilast

Apremilast 속성

Apremilast C화학적 특성, 용도, 생산

개요

Apremilast is the first and only oral phosphodiesterase IV (PDE- 4) inhibitor and anti-tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFa) agent launched in the USA by Celgene for the treatment of active psoriatic arthritis (PsA). Apremilast was also approved for the treatment of moderate to severe plaque psoriasis in the USA. Later, this drug was also approved in the European Union (EU) for both indications. Although multiple approaches to the synthesis of apremilast have been described, the most likely process scale approach involves the construction of the challenging stereogenic benzylic carbon center by catalytic asymmetric hydrogenation.

용도

Apremilast is an oral phosphodiesterase 4 inhibitor used in the treatment of adults with active psoriatic arthritis and adults with moderate to severe plaque psoriasis.

정의

ChEBI: Apremilast is a member of the class of isoindoles that is isoindole-1,3-dione substituted at position 4 by an acetamido group and at position 1 by a 1-(3-ethoxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-2-(methylsulfonyl)ethyl group. Used for treatment of psoriatic arthritis. It has a role as a phosphodiesterase IV inhibitor and a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug. It is an aromatic ether, a N-acetylarylamine, a sulfone and a member of phthalimides.

Overdosage

Apremilast was studied in healthy subjects at a maximum total daily dose of 100 mg (given as 50 mg twice daily) for 4.5 days without evidence of dose limiting toxicities. In case of an overdose, it is recommended that the patient is monitored for any signs or symptoms of adverse effects and appropriate symptomatic treatment is instituted. In the event of overdose, symptomatic and supportive care is advised.

효소 저해제

This thalidomide-like psoriasis drug (FW = 460.50 g/mol; CAS 608141-41-9; Solubility: 90 mg/mL DMSO; <1 mg/mL H2O), also known as CC-10004, Otezla? and N-[2-[(1S)-1-(3-ethoxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-2-(methyl-sulfonyl)ethyl]-2,3-dihydro-1,3-dioxo-1H-isoindol-4-yl]acetamide, is a potent, orally active phosphodiesterase inhibitor that targets phosphodiesterase PDE4 (IC50 = 74 nM), itself a proinflammatory mediator, and TNF-α, IC50 = 77 nM. Apremilast inhibits PBMC production of the chemokines CXCL9 and CXCL10, cytokines interferon-γ and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and interleukins IL-2, IL-12 and IL- 23 from human rheumatoid synovial membrane cultures. Apremilast significantly reduces clinical scores in both murine models of arthritis over a ten-day treatment period and maintains healthy joint architecture in a dose-dependent manner. Unlike rolipram, however, apremilast demonstrated no adverse behavioral effects in na?ve mice. Otezla is specifically indicated by the Food & Drug Administration for the treatment of patients with moderate to severe plaque psoriasis who are typically candidates for phototherapy or systemic therapy. That said, the specific mechanism(s) for therapeutic action in psoriatic arthritis patients and psoriasis patients is unclear.

Mode of action

Apremilast, an oral small-molecule inhibitor of phosphodiesterase 4 (PDE4), works intracellularly to modulate a network of pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory mediators. PDE4 is a cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP)-specific PDE and the dominant PDE in inflammatory cells. PDE4 inhibition elevates intracellular cAMP levels, which in turn down-regulates the inflammatory response by modulating the expression of TNF-α, IL-23, IL-17 and other inflammatory cytokines. Cyclic AMP also modulates levels of anti-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-10. These pro- and anti-inflammatory mediators have been implicated in psoriatic arthritis and psoriasis.

Apremilast 준비 용품 및 원자재

원자재

준비 용품

Apremilast 공급 업체

공급자	전화	이메일	국가	제품 수	이점
HAINAN POLY PHARMCEUTICAL CO. LTD	+86-0571-89385087 +8613616530509	ff@hnpoly.com	China	118	58
Beijing Mesochem Technology Co.,Ltd	+8613651027935	rachel@mesochem.com	China	191	58
Wuhan Topule Biopharmaceutical Co., Ltd	+8618327326525	masar@topule.com	China	8474	58
Hebei Mojin Biotechnology Co., Ltd	+8613288715578	sales@hbmojin.com	China	12453	58
Sinoway Industrial co., ltd.	0592-5800732; +8613806035118	xie@china-sinoway.com	China	992	58
shandong perfect biotechnology co.ltd	+86-53169958659; +8618596095638	sales@sdperfect.com	China	294	58
Hangzhou ICH Biofarm Co., Ltd	+undefined8613073685410	sales@ichemie.com	China	985	58
Henan Fengda Chemical Co., Ltd	+86-371-86557731 +86-13613820652	info@fdachem.com	China	7534	58
Shanghai Affida new material science and technology center	+undefined15081010295	2691956269@qq.com	China	359	58
Ouhuang Engineering Materials (Hubei) Co., Ltd	+8617702722807	admin@hbouhuang.com	China	738	58

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