에틸 메틸 에테르 C화학적 특성, 용도, 생산
개요
Ethyl methyl ether (methoxyethane, IUPAC) is a colorless liquid that is soluble in water. Specific gravity is 0.70, which is lighter than water. It is highly flammable, with a flammable range of 2%–10.1% in air. Boiling point is 51°F (10°C), flash point is ?35°F (?37°C), and ignition temperature is 374°F (190°C). Vapor density is 2.07, which is heavier than air. In addition to flammability, ethyl methyl ether is an anesthetic and can form explosive peroxides as it ages. The four-digit UN identification number is 1039. The NFPA 704 designation is health 1, flammability 4, and reactivity 1. The primary use is in medicine as an anesthetic.
화학적 성질
Colorless liquid.
Soluble in water; miscible with alcohol and ether.
용도
Medicine (anesthetic).
정의
ChEBI: An ether that is the methyl ether derivative of ethanol.
일반 설명
A clear colorless gas with a medicine-like odor. Flash point -35°F. Boiling point 52°F. Less dense than water. Vapors are heavier than air. Under prolonged exposure to fire or heat the containers may rupture violently and rocket.
공기와 물의 반응
Highly flammable. Soluble in water. Oxidizes readily in air to form unstable peroxides that may explode spontaneously [Bretherick, 1979 p.151-154, 164]. A mixture of liquid air and diethyl ether exploded spontaneously, [MCA Case History 616(1960)].
반응 프로필
Ethers, such as ETHYL METHYL ETHER, can act as bases. They form salts with strong acids and addition complexes with Lewis acids. The complex between diethyl ether and boron trifluoride is an example. Ethers may react violently with strong oxidizing agents. In other reactions, which typically involve the breaking of the carbon-oxygen bond, ethers are relatively inert.
위험도
Highly flammable, dangerous fire and
explosion risk.
건강위험
Vapors may cause dizziness or asphyxiation without warning. Some may be irritating if inhaled at high concentrations. Contact with gas or liquefied gas may cause burns, severe injury and/or frostbite. Fire may produce irritating and/or toxic gases.
화재위험
EXTREMELY FLAMMABLE. Will be easily ignited by heat, sparks or flames. Will form explosive mixtures with air. Vapors from liquefied gas are initially heavier than air and spread along ground. CAUTION: Hydrogen (UN1049), Deuterium (UN1957), Hydrogen, refrigerated liquid (UN1966) and Methane (UN1971) are lighter than air and will rise. Hydrogen and Deuterium fires are difficult to detect since they burn with an invisible flame. Use an alternate method of detection (thermal camera, broom handle, etc.) Vapors may travel to source of ignition and flash back. Cylinders exposed to fire may vent and release flammable gas through pressure relief devices. Containers may explode when heated. Ruptured cylinders may rocket.
Safety Profile
Has anesthetic
properties. A very dangerous fire and
moderate explosion hazard when exposed to
heat or flame; can react vigorously with
oxidizing materials (e.g., air, O2). To fight
fire, use alcohol foam, CO2, dry chemical.
See also ETHERS.
잠재적 노출
Used as a medicine and anesthetic.
운송 방법
UN1039 Methyl ethyl ether or Ethyl methyl
ether, Hazard Class: 2.1; Labels: 2.1-Flammable gas.
Purification Methods
Dry the ether with CaSO4, pass it through an alumina column (to remove peroxides), then fractionally distil it. [Beilstein 1 H 314, 1 I 158, 1 II 311, 1 III 1288, 1 IV 1314.]
비 호환성
May form explosive mixture with air.
Incompatible, dangerous reaction with oxidizers (chlorates,
nitrates, peroxides, permanganates, perchlorates, chlorine,
bromine, fluorine, etc.). Keep away from alkaline materials,
strong acids (may be explosive), strong bases. May form
explosive peroxides on standing.
폐기물 처리
Dissolve or mix the material
with a combustible solvent and burn in a chemical
incinerator equipped with an afterburner and scrubber. All
federal, state, and local environmental regulations must be
observed.
에틸 메틸 에테르 준비 용품 및 원자재
원자재
준비 용품
