알라클로르 C화학적 특성, 용도, 생산
개요
Alachlor is a herbicide. Occupational contact dermatitis
was rarely observed in agricultural workers.
화학적 성질
Alachlor is a colorless to yellow crystal chemical substance. It is soluble in most organic solvents, but sparingly in water. Alachlor is an RUP, therefore it should be purchased and used only by certified, trained workers and plant protection applicators. The US EPA categorizes it as toxicity class III, meaning slightly toxic. However, alachlor products bear the signal word danger on their labels because of their potential to cause cancer in laboratory animals. Alachlor is an aniline herbicide used to control annual grasses and broadleaf weeds in field corn, soybeans, and peanuts. It is a selective systemic herbicide, absorbed by germinating shoots and roots. It works by interfering with a plant's ability to produce protein and by interfering with root elongation. Alachlor has extensive use as a herbicide in the United States. It is available as granules or emulsifiable concentrate.
용도
Alachlor is used pre- or early post-emergence to control annual grasses and many broadleaved weeds mainly in maize, but also in cotton, brassicas, oilseed rape, peanuts, radish, soy beans, and sugar-cane.
정의
ChEBI: An aromatic amide that is N-(2,6-diethylphenyl)acetamide substituted by a methoxymethyl group at at the nitrogen atom while one of the hydrogens of the methyl group has been replaced by a chlorine atom.
일반 설명
Crystalline solid. Melting point 104-106°F (40-41°C). Used as a herbicide.
공기와 물의 반응
Hydrolyzes under strongly acidic and strongly basic conditions.
반응 프로필
A halogenated acetamide. Organic amides/imides react with azo and diazo compounds to generate toxic gases. Flammable gases are formed by the reaction of organic amides/imides with strong reducing agents. Amides are very weak bases (weaker than water). Imides are less basic yet and in fact react with strong bases to form salts. That is, they can react as acids. Mixing amides with dehydrating agents such as P2O5 or SOCl2 generates the corresponding nitrile. The combustion of these compounds generates mixed oxides of nitrogen (NOx).
건강위험
Alachlor is a slightly toxic herbicide. It causes slight to moderate degrees of skin irritation.
While a 90-day study on laboratory rats and dogs given diets containing low to moderate
amounts of alachlor (1–100 mg/kg/day) showed no adverse effects, a 1-year study indicated
that at a dose above 1 mg/kg/day, alachlor causes damage in the liver, spleen, and
kidney.
농업용
Herbicide: A pre-emergence herbicide for corn, soybeans, and
peanuts, and other field crops. It is a selective systemic
herbicide, absorbed by germinating shoots and by roots. It
works by interfering with a plant's ability to produce protein and by interfering with root elongation. It is available
as granules or emulsifiable concentrate. Alachlor is used
in mixed formulations with atrazine, glyphosate, trifluralin, and imaquin. Not approved for use in the EU. A U.S.
EPA restricted Use Pesticide (RUP).
상품명
AGIMIX® Araclor; ALAGAM®;
ALAGAN®; ALANEX®; ALAPAZ®, suspended;
ALAZINE®; ALATOX 480®; ALCLOR 48 LE®;
CHIMICHLOR®; LARIAT®; LASAGRIN®;
LASSAGRIN®; LASSO®; LASSO MICRO-TECH®;
METACHLOR®; PARTNER® Arachlor; PILLARZO®;
SANACHLOR®
색상 색인 번호
Alachlor is a herbicide. Occupational contact dermatitis was rarely observed in agricultural workers.
Safety Profile
Moderately toxic by
ingestion, skin contact, and possibly other
routes. Questionable carcinogen with
experimental carcinogenic data. Human
mutation data reported. When heated to
decomposition it emits very toxic fumes of
Cland NOx.
잠재적 노출
A chloracetanilide herbicide. In manufacture, formulation and application of this preemergence herbicide, personnel may be exposed. Its major use (99%) is as a preemergence herbicide for field crops (corn, soybeans, and peanuts, etc.).
환경귀착
Alachlor dissipates from soil mainly through volatilization, photodegradation, and biodegradation. Many metabolites have been identified; diethylaniline, detected in some soil studies, interacts rapidly with humic substances in the soil. A half-life in soil of 7-38 days has been reported. Under certain conditions, alachlor can leach beyond the root zone and migrate to groundwater.
운송 방법
UN2588 Pesticides, solid, toxic, Hazard Class: 6.1; Labels: 6.1-Poisonous materials, Technical Name Required.
비 호환성
Incompatible with oxidizers (chlorates, nitrates, peroxides, permanganates, perchlorates, chlorine, bromine, fluorine, etc.); contact may cause fires or explosions. Keep away from alkaline materials, strong bases, strong acids, oxoacids, epoxides. Corrosive to iron and steel.
폐기물 처리
This compound is hydrolyzed under strongly acid or alkaline conditions, to chloroacetic acid, methanol, formaldehyde and 2,6-diethylanilne. Incineration is recommended as a disposal procedure. Techniques for alachlor removal from potable water have been reviewed by EPA but the data revealed no superior method. Improper disposal of pesticides is a violation of federal law. Dispose In accordance with 40CFR165, follow recommendations for the disposal of pesticides and pesticide containers.
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