1,3-부타디엔

1,3-부타디엔 속성

1,3-부타디엔 C화학적 특성, 용도, 생산

물성

페놀프탈레인은 백색의 작은 삼선 형태의 결정체이며 공기 중 안정성.물에 불용이고 벤젠이나 헥산에 불용이다., 에탄올과 에테르에 매우 잘 용해된다., dmso에 약간 용해 됨.
산성 용액 중 페놀프탈레인은 무색이며 알칼리성 용액은 아마란스.

개요

인체 내에서 아연은 세포를 구성하고 생리적인 기능을 다루는 대표적인 무기물 중 하나이다. 임신한 여성에게 아연이 부족하게 되면 기형아나 저체중아를 낳을 수 있다. 아연이 부족할 경우 성장발육에 문제가 있게 되며, 아연을 과잉섭취하게 되어도 미네랄 불균형이 생긴다. 식물체 내에서의 아연은 식물체 내에서 발생하는 유해한 활성산소를 제거하는 효소 구성 성분으로, 망가니즈나 마그네슘 등과 같이 효소를 활성화시키는 역할을 한다.

개요

1,3-Butadiene is a simple conjugated diene. It is a colourless gas with a mild aromatic or gasoline-like odour and incompatible with phenol, chlorine dioxide, copper, and crotonaldehyde. The gas is heavier than air and may travel along the ground; distant ignition is possible. It is an important industrial chemical used as a monomer in the production of synthetic rubber. Most butadiene is polymerised to produce synthetic rubber. While polybutadiene itself is a very soft, almost liquid, material, polymers prepared from mixtures of butadiene with styrene or acrylonitrile, such as ABS, are both tough and elastic. Styrene–butadiene rubber is the material most commonly used for the production of automobile tyres. Smaller amounts of butadiene are used to make nylon via the intermediate adiponitrile, other synthetic rubber materials such as chloroprene, and the solvent sulpholane. Butadiene is used in the industrial production of cyclododecatriene via a trimerisation reaction.

1,3-Butadiene structure

화학적 성질

Butadiene is a gas, b.p. -4°C.

물리적 성질

Colorless gas with a mild, aromatic or gasoline-like odor. Experimentally determined detection and recognition odor threshold concentrations were 1.0 mg/m³ (0.45 ppm_v) and 2.4 mg/m³ (1.1 ppmv), respectively (Hellman and Small, 1974).

용도

Synthetic elastomers (styrene-butadiene, polybutadiene, neoprene, nitriles), ABS resins, chemical intermediate.
1,3-Butadiene can undergo a four-component coupling reaction with aryl Grignard reagents, and alkyl fluorides in the presence of nickel catalyst to form 1,6-octadiene carbon compound substituted with alkyl and aryl groups at the 3- and 8-positions.
1,3-Butadiene is a useful diene for Diels Alder reaction.
It may be used in the synthesis of the following:

• 1-Silyl-substituted 1,3-butadienes, by [RuHCl(CO)(PCy3)2]-catalyzed silylative coupling of terminal (E)-1,3-dienes with vinylsilanes.
• Synthetic rubber and thermoplastic resins.
• Disilylated dimers by reacting with chlorosilanes.
• Octa-2,7-dien-1-ol via palladium catalyzed-hydrodimerization.

생산 방법

Except for a small amount of butadiene produced by the oxydehydrogenation of n-butane, most of butadiene is produced commercially as a by-product of ethylene production during the steam cracking of hydrocarbon streams. It is separated and purificated from other components by extractive distillation, using acetonitrile and dimethylformamide as solvents.

정의

ChEBI: 1,3-Butadiene is a butadiene with unsaturation at positions 1 and 3. It is a chemical made from the processing of petroleum. About 75% of the manufactured 1,3-butadiene is used to make synthetic rubber. Synthetic rubber is widely used for tires on cars and trucks.

제조 방법

Butadiene is obtained when n-butenes are dehydrogenated:

n-Butenes are mostly obtained from the catalytic cracking operations carried out on various petroleum fractions; thermal cracking processes usually give low yields of butenes. The dehydrogenation of n-butenes is carried out by mixing the feed with steam (which lowers the partial pressures of the reactants) and passing over a catalyst such as mixed calcium/nickel phosphate stabilized with chromium oxide at about 650??C.

일반 설명

1,3-Butadiene is a colorless gas with a mild, aromatic, gasoline-like odor. It is shipped as a liquefied gas under its vapor pressure. Contact with the liquid can cause frostbite. It is easily ignited. Its vapors are heavier than air and a flame can flash back to the source of leak very easily. It can asphyxiate by the displacement of air. It must be shipped inhibited as butadiene is liable to polymerization. If polymerization occurs in the container, It may violently rupture. Under prolonged exposure to fire or intense heat the containers may rupture violently and rocket. It is used to make synthetic rubber and plastics, and to make other chemicals.

공기와 물의 반응

Highly flammable. In contact with air, butadiene may form violently explosive peroxides, which can be exploded by mild heat or shock. Solid butadiene absorbs enough oxygen at sub atmospheric pressures to make 1,3-BUTADIENE explode violently when heated just above its melting point [Ind. Eng. Chem. 51:733 1959].

반응 프로필

A colorless gas, 1,3-BUTADIENE can react with oxidizing reagents. Upon long exposure to air 1,3-BUTADIENE forms explosive peroxides. They are sensitive to heat or shock; sudden polymerization may occur [Scott, D. A., Chem. Eng. News, 1940, 18, p.404]. Butadiene polyperoxides are insoluble in liquefied butadiene (m. p. -113° C, b. p. -2.6° C) and progressively separate leading to local concentration build up. Self-heating from a spontaneous decomposition will lead to explosion [Hendry, D. G. et al., Ind. Eng. Chem., 1968, 7, p. 136, 1145]. Explodes on contact with aluminum tetrahydroborate, potentially explosive reaction with chlorine dioxide (peroxide) and crotonaldehyde (above 180° C). Reaction with sodium nitrite forms a spontaneously flammable product [Sax, 9th ed., 1996, p. 539].

위험도

A confirmed carcinogen. Irritant in high concentration. Highly flammable gas or liquid, explosive limits in air 2–11%. May form explosive peroxides on exposure to air. Must be kept inhibited during storage and shipment. Inhibitors often used are di-n-butylamine or phenyl-β-naphthylamine. Storage is usually under pressure or in insulated tanks <35F (<1.67C).

건강위험

The toxicity of 1,3-butadiene has been foundto be very low in humans and animals. It isan asphyxiant. In humans, low toxic effectsmay be observed at exposure to 2000 ppmfor 7 hours. The symptoms may be hallucinations,distorted perception, and irritation ofeyes, nose, and throat. Higher concentrationsmay result in drowsiness, lightheadedness,and narcosis. High dosages of 1,3-butadienewas toxic to animals by inhalation and skincontact. General anesthetic effects and respiratorydepression were noted. Concentrationsof 25–30% may be lethal to rats and rabbits.Contact with the liquefied gas can cause burnand frostbite.
Exposure to 1,3-butadiene caused cancersin the stomach, lungs, and blood in ratsand mice. It is suspected to be a humancarcinogen. It is a mutagen and a teratogen.

화재위험

Behavior in Fire: Vapors heavier than air and may travel a considerable distance to a source of ignition and flashback. Containers may explode in a fire due to polymerization.

Materials Uses

1,3-Butadiene is noncorrosive and may be used with any common metals. Steel is recommended for tanks and piping in butadiene service by some authorities. If used with plastics, compatibility must be confirmed. Welded rather than threaded connections are similarly recommended because 1,3-butadiene tends to leak through even extremely small openings. If threaded connections are used, Schedule 80 pipe should be used. Before being exposed to 1,3-butadiene that is not inhibited, iron surfaces should be treated with an appropriate reducing agent such as sodium nitrite because polymerization is accelerated by oxygen (even if present as in ferrous oxide), as well as by heat.

Safety Profile

Confirmed carcinogen with experimental carcinogenic and neoplastigenic data. An experimental teratogen. Mutation data reported. Inhalation of high concentrations can cause unconsciousness and death. Human systemic effects by inhalation: cough, hallucinations, dstorted perceptions, changes in the visual field and other

Carcinogenicity

1,3-Butadiene is known to be a human carcinogen based on sufficient evidence of carcinogenicity from studies in humans, including epidemiological and mechanistic studies. 1,3-Butadiene was first listed in the Fifth Annual Report on Carcinogens in 1989 as reasonably anticipated to be a human carcinogen based on sufficient evidence of carcinogenicity from studies in experimental animals. The listing was revised to known to be a human carcinogen in the Ninth Report on Carcinogens in 2000.

환경귀착

Surface Water. The estimated volatilization half-life of 1,3-butadiene in a model river 1 m deep, flowing 1 m/sec and a wind speed of 3 m/sec is 3.8 h (Lyman et al., 1982).
Photolytic. The following rate constants were reported for the reaction of 1,3-butadiene and OH radicals in the atmosphere: 6.9 x 10^-11 cm³/molecule·sec (Atkinson et al., 1979) and 6.7 x 10^-11 cm³/molecule·sec (Sablji? and Güsten, 1990). Atkinson and Carter (1984) reported a rate constant of 6.7–8.4 x 10^-11 cm³/molecule·sec for the reaction of 1,3-butadiene and ozone in the atmosphere. Photooxidation reaction rate constants of 2.13 x 10^-13 and 7.50 x 10^-18 cm³/molecule·sec were reported for the reaction of 1,3-butadiene and NO3 (Benter and Schindler, 1988; Sablji? and Güsten, 1990). The half-life in air for the reaction of 1,3-butadiene and NO3 radicals is 15 h (Atkinson et al., 1984a).
Chemical/Physical. Will polymerize in the presence of oxygen if no inhibitor is present (Hawley, 1981).

저장

1,3-Butadiene is stored in a cool and wellventilatedlocation separated from combustibleand oxidizing substances. Smallamounts of stabilizers, such as o-dihydroxybenzene,p-tert-butylcatechol, or aliphaticmercaptans, are added to prevent its polymerizationor peroxides formation. The cylindersare stored vertically and protected againstphysical damage.

폐기물 처리

Disposal of l,3-butadiene by venting, incineration, using a suitable flare system, or by other means may be subject to permitting by federal, state, provincial, or local regulations. Persons involved with disposal of 1,3-butadiene should check with the environmental authorities having jurisdiction to determine the applicability of permitting regulations to disposal activities.

1,3-부타디엔 준비 용품 및 원자재

원자재

준비 용품

1,3-부타디엔 공급 업체

공급자	전화	이메일	국가	제품 수	이점
Hebei Mojin Biotechnology Co., Ltd	+8613288715578	sales@hbmojin.com	China	12456	58
Hebei Dangtong Import and export Co LTD	+8615632927689	admin@hbdangtong.com	China	991	58
Henan Fengda Chemical Co., Ltd	+86-371-86557731 +86-13613820652	info@fdachem.com	China	7786	58
Henan Tianfu Chemical Co.,Ltd.	+86-0371-55170693 +86-19937530512	info@tianfuchem.com	China	21691	55
Shenzhen Nexconn Pharmatechs Ltd	+86-755-89396905 +86-15013857715	admin@nexconn.com	China	10248	58
Hubei Jusheng Technology Co.,Ltd.	18871490254	linda@hubeijusheng.com	CHINA	28180	58
Hebei Guanlang Biotechnology Co., Ltd.	+86-19930503282	alice@crovellbio.com	China	8823	58
Xi'an Kono chem co., Ltd.,	029-86107037 13289246953	info@konochemical.com	China	2995	58
Hubei xin bonus chemical co. LTD	86-13657291602	linda@hubeijusheng.com	CHINA	22968	58
Nanjing Sinoda Biological Technology Co., Ltd	+8613401983379	sales@njmcn.cn	CHINA	74	58

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