메틸 T-뷰틸에테르

메틸 T-뷰틸에테르 속성

메틸 T-뷰틸에테르 C화학적 특성, 용도, 생산

세탁 효과

알킬 벤젠 술폰산 나트륨은 황색 유성 물질이며, 정제 후 육각형 또는 사방형 강편 결정을 형성 할 수있다. 과일과 깨끗한 식기, 세제 나트륨 알킬 벤젠 설포 네이트에 사용되는 대규모 자동 생산, 저렴한 가격, 가장 큰 규모의 세제 사용량에 알킬 벤젠 설폰 산 나트륨은 분기 체인 구조 (ABS) 및 선형 구조 (LAS), 두 가지 종류의 분지 사슬 구조 생분해 성이 작고, 환경 오염을 일으킬 수 있고, 선형 구조가 쉽게 생분해되며 생분해 성이 90 % 이상이며 환경 오염이 적습니다.
도데 실 벤젠 술폰산 나트륨은 중성이며 물의 경도에 민감하고 산화하기 쉽지 않으며 강력한 거품 생성력, 높은 세척력, 다양한 첨가제, 저렴한 비용, 성숙한 합성 과정, 다양한 응용 분야와 혼합되기 쉽고 매우 우수합니다 음이온 성 계면 활성제. 도데 실 벤젠 설포 네이트는 입자 흙, 단백질 오물 및 유분 오염, 특히 천연 섬유의 입자 오염에 대해 상당한 오염 제거 효과를 발휘합니다. 오염 제거력은 세척 온도의 증가에 따라 향상되고 단백질 먼지에 대한 효과는 비이 온성 계면 활성제보다 높으며 포말은 풍부합니다. 그러나, 도데 실 벤젠 술폰산 나트륨에는 두 가지 단점이있다. 하나는 경수에 대한 내성이 약하며 물의 경도에 따라 오염 제거 성능이 저하 될 수 있다는 것입니다. 따라서 주요 활성제를 함유 한 세제는 적절한 수의 킬레이트 제와 함께 사용해야합니다. 둘째, 강력한 탈지 능력, 피부에 자극이있을 때 손을 씻고, 유연제로 린스 해 양이온 성 계면 활성제를 사용한 후에 옷을 씻는 느낌이 듭니다. 최근에 도데 실 벤젠 설포 네이트는보다 포괄적 인 세척 효과를 위해 지방 알코올 폴리 옥시 에틸렌 에테르 (AEO)와 같은 비이 온성 계면 활성제와 함께 사용됩니다. 도데 실 벤젠 술폰산 나트륨의 주요 용도는 다양한 종류의 액체, 분말 및 과립 세제, 세정기 및 세정제를 준비하는 것입니다.

용도

tert-부틸화제.

화학적 성질

tert-Butyl methyl ether, also known as MTBE or Methyl tert-butyl ether, is a clear, colorless liquid with a low viscosity that is combustible and has a distinct, turpentine-like odor. It is miscible with organic solvents, but only slightly soluble in water. Methyl tert-butyl ether is very stable under alkaline, neutral, and weakly acidic conditions. In the presence of strong acids, it is cleaved to methanol and isobutene. Depending on reaction conditions the latter can form isobutene oligomers. MTBE does not undergo autoxidation and, in contrast to other ethers, it does not form peroxides with atmospheric oxygen. It improves the antiknock properties when added to motor gasoline.

역사

tert-Butyl methyl ether was first synthesized (by the classical Williamson ether synthesis) and characterized in 1904. Extensive studies in the United States during World War II demonstrated the outstanding qualities of MTBE as a high-octane fuel component. It was first commercially produced in Italy in 1973 for use as an octane enhancer in gasoline. U.S. production of MTBE started in 1979 after Atlantic Richfield Co. (ARCO) was granted a waiver by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) that allowed MTBE to be blended up to 7 vol % in U.S. unleaded gasoline. The use of other aliphatic ethers was allowed when the U.S. EPA issued its “substantially similar” definition for unleaded gasoline specifications in 1981. Under this definition, any aliphatic ether or ether mixture could be blended in unleaded gasoline as long as the total oxygen contribution from the ethers does not exceed 2.0% oxygen by weight in the gasoline. This allowed MTBE to be blended up to approximately 11 vol % in gasoline.

용도

Methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE) was primarily used as a gasoline additive in unleaded gasoline in the United States prior to 2005, in the manufacture of isobutene, and as a chromatographic eluent especially in high pressure liquid chromatography. It is also a pharmaceutical agent and can be injected into the gallbladder to dissolve gallstones (ATSDR, 1996). tert-Butyl methyl ether is also used in the petrochemical industry. By reversal of its formation reaction, MTBE can be cracked to isobutene and methanol on acidic catalysts at higher temperature than MTBE synthesis.

제조 방법

tert-butyl methyl ether can be prepared by the reaction of potassium tert-butoxide and bromomethane. Methyl tert-butyl ether also can be obtained by the acid-catalyzed addition of methanol to isobutene. Suitable catalysts are solid acids such as bentonites, zeolites and – commonly used in industrial world scale MTBE-production units – macroporous acidic ion-exchange resins. The reaction is weakly exothermic with a heat of reaction of -37.7 kJ/mol.

정의

ChEBI: Methyl tert-butyl ether is an ether having methyl and tert-butyl as the two alkyl components. It has a role as a non-polar solvent, a fuel additive and a metabolite.

주요 응용

tert-Butyl methyl ether (MTBE) is a gasoline additive. MTBE undergoes oxidative degradation in the presence of propane-oxidizing bacterial strains. The kinetic studies of heat-assisted persulfate oxidation of MTBE under various parameters suggests that the reaction follows the pseudo-first-order kinetics. MTBE can be synthesized by acid catalyzed reaction between methanol and isobutene. It is an effective alternative to lead containing additives for enhancing the octane rating of gasoline. A study suggests that the addition of MTBE increases the number of active sites during polymerization of propene by stopped-flow method.
tert-Butyl methyl ether may be used to synthesize fatty acid methyl esters (FAMEs) and glycerol tert-butyl ether via transesterification with canola oil under supercritical conditions.

일반 설명

Methyl tert-butyl ether appears as a colorless liquid with a distinctive anesthetic-like odor. Vapors are heavier than air and narcotic. Boiling point 131°F. Flash point 18°F. Less dense than water and miscible in water. Used as a octane booster in gasoline.

공기와 물의 반응

Highly flammable. Oxidizes readily in air to form unstable peroxides that may explode spontaneously [Bretherick 1979. p.151-154, 164]. A mixture of liquid air and diethyl ether exploded spontaneously [MCA Case History 616. 1960].

반응 프로필

Ethers, such as tert-Butyl methyl ether, can act as bases. They form salts with strong acids and addition complexes with Lewis acids. The complex between diethyl ether and boron trifluoride is an example. Ethers may react violently with strong oxidizing agents. In other reactions, which typically involve the breaking of the carbon-oxygen bond, ethers are relatively inert.

위험도

Slightly toxic by ingestion and inhalation. Flammable when exposed to heat or flame. Upper respiratory tract irritant and kidney damage. Questionable carcinogen.

건강위험

INHALATION: May cause dizziness or suffocation. Contact may irritate or burn eyes or skin. May be harmful if swallowed.

공업 용도

Methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE) is used as an octane enhancer in gasoline. EPA regulations allow up to 2.7 wt.% oxygen in gasoline which allows 15 vol.% MTBE in gasoline. Other alkyl ethers can also be blended into gasoline up to the 2.7 wt% oxygen requirement. The stability of MTBE to oxidation and peroxide formation gives this unsymmetrical ether an advantage over other ethers in various extraction and reaction solvent applications.

Safety Profile

Poison by intravenous route. Slightly toxic by ingestion and inhalation. Flammable when exposed to heat or flame. When heated to decomposition it emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes. See also ETHERS.

잠재적 노출

Used as an organic solvent; as an octane booster in unleaded gasolines; in making other chemicals; and in medicine to dissolve gall stones

Carcinogenicity

EPA has not classified methyl tert-butyl ether with respect to potential carcinogenicity. There is evidence for the carcinogenicity of MTBE in animals. MTBE causes leukemias/lymphomas in female rats, renal tubular tumors and Leydig cell tumors in male rats, and hepatocellular tumors in mice. Positive animal carcinogenicity data and some further concordance in tumor sites for formaldehyde and TBA, metabolites of MTBE, provide support for this conclusion. However, uncertainties remain about the nature and extent of risk at very low doses, and about the particular tumor sites that are most relevant to humans.

환경귀착

tert-Butyl Methyl Ether can be released during manufacturing or blending with gasoline; during the storage, distribution, and transfer of MTBE-blended gasoline; and from spills or leaks or fugitive emissions at automotive service stations (U.S. EPA, 1994a). Vapor emissions from MTBE-blended gasoline may also contribute to atmospheric levels (U.S. EPA, 1988). It is not expected to persist in the atmosphere because it undergoes destruction from reactions with hydroxyl radicals. A total atmospheric lifetime for MTBE of approximately 3 and 6.1 days has been reported in polluted urban air and in nonpolluted rural air, respectively (U.S. EPA, 1993a). Based upon its vapor pressure and Henry s law constant, MTBE is highly volatile and would be expected to evaporate rapidly from soil surfaces or water. It may be fairly persistent when introduced into subsurface soils or to groundwater since volatilization to the atmosphere is reduced or eliminated. It does not readily degrade in surface waters due to hydrolysis or other abiotic processes. It is also resistant to biodegradation (U.S. EPA, 1993a). It is usually removed from surface waters very rapidly because of its high volatility. If released as part of a gasoline mixture from leaking underground storage tanks, its relatively high water solubility combined with little tendency to sorb to soil particles encourages migration to local groundwater supplies (U.S. EPA, 1993a).

운송 방법

UN2398 Methyl tert-butyl ether, Hazard Class: 3; Labels: 3-Flammable liquid.

Purification Methods

Purify as for n-butyl methyl ether. [Beilstein 1 IV 1615.]

비 호환성

May form explosive mixture with air. May be able to form unstable peroxides. Much less likely to form peroxides than other ethers. Incompatible with strong acids. Incompatible with oxidizers (chlorates, nitrates, peroxides, permanganates, perchlorates, chlorine, bromine, fluorine, etc.); contact may cause fires or explosions. Keep away from alkaline materials, strong bases, strong acids, oxoacids, epoxides. May accumulate static electrical charges, and cause ignition of its vapors.

폐기물 처리

Dissolve or mix the material with a combustible solvent and burn in a chemical incinerator equipped with an afterburner and scrubber. All federal, state, and local environmental regulations must be observed.

메틸 T-뷰틸에테르 준비 용품 및 원자재

원자재

준비 용품

메틸 T-뷰틸에테르 공급 업체

공급자	전화	이메일	국가	제품 수	이점
Shandong Quark Chemical Co., Ltd.	+8613325218432	sales@quarkchem.com	China	57	58
AS WATER CO., LTD.	+86-18994963526 +8618994963526	1346073549@qq.com	United Kingdom	176	58
Wuhan Boyuan Import & Export Co., LTD	+8615175982296	Mike@whby-chem.com	China	974	58
Capot Chemical Co.,Ltd.	571-85586718 +8613336195806	sales@capotchem.com	China	29797	60
Henan Tianfu Chemical Co.,Ltd.	+86-0371-55170693 +86-19937530512	info@tianfuchem.com	China	21695	55
Tianjin Zhongxin Chemtech Co., Ltd.	+86-022-66880623 +8618622897568	sales@tjzxchem.com	China	559	58
Shanxi Naipu Import and Export Co.,Ltd	+86-13734021967 +8613734021967	kaia@neputrading.com	China	1011	58
career henan chemical co	+86-0371-86658258	sales@coreychem.com	China	29914	58
Hubei Jusheng Technology Co.,Ltd.	18871490254	linda@hubeijusheng.com	CHINA	28180	58
Jinan Finer Chemical Co., Ltd	+86-531-88989536 +86-15508631887	sales@finerchem.com	China	2966	58

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