시트르산(구연산)
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시트르산(구연산) 속성
- 녹는점
- -94 °C(lit.)
- 끓는 점
- 56 °C760 mm Hg(lit.)
- 벌크 밀도
- 800-1000kg/m3
- 밀도
- 0.791 g/mL at 25 °C(lit.)
- 증기 밀도
- 2 (vs air)
- 증기압
- 184 mm Hg ( 20 °C)
- 굴절률
- n
20/D 1.359(lit.)
- 인화점
- 1 °F
- 저장 조건
- no restrictions.
- 용해도
- 구연산 일수화물은 물에 매우 잘 녹고, 에탄올에는 잘 녹고, 에테르에는 거의 녹지 않습니다.
- 물리적 상태
- 고체
- 물리적 상태
- 단단한 모양
- 산도 계수 (pKa)
- 3.138, 4.76, 6.401
- Specific Gravity
- 0.810 (20/4℃)
- 색상
- 하얀색
- 수소이온지수(pH)
- 1.85 (50g/l, H2O, 25℃)
- 냄새
- 전형적인, 거의 무취
- 수용성
- 1630g/L(20oC) ;H2O: 10°C에서 용해성 54%(w/w)(물 내 구연산)
- 감도
- Hygroscopic
- Merck
- 14,2326
- BRN
- 4018641
- 안정성
- 안정적인. 산화제, 염기, 환원제, 질산염과 호환되지 않습니다.
- InChIKey
- YASYEJJMZJALEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N
- CAS 데이터베이스
- 5949-29-1(CAS DataBase Reference)
안전
- 위험 및 안전 성명
- 위험 및 사전주의 사항 (GHS)
위험품 표기 | F,Xi | ||
---|---|---|---|
위험 카페고리 넘버 | 11-36-66-67-41-36/37/38-37/38 | ||
안전지침서 | 9-16-26-37/39-36/37/39-36 | ||
유엔번호(UN No.) | UN 1090 3/PG 2 | ||
WGK 독일 | 1 | ||
RTECS 번호 | AL3150000 | ||
TSCA | Yes | ||
HS 번호 | 29181400 | ||
독성 | LD50 orally in Rabbit: 3000 mg/kg |
시트르산(구연산) C화학적 특성, 용도, 생산
물성
물리적 상태 : 무색투명, 백색결정.개요
- 강한 신맛을 가지고 있으며 냄새는 없다.
- 건조한 대기중에서는 풍화한다.
- 물, 알코올, 에테르에 가용
용도
- 식품첨가물(청량음료수, 잼)- 제약원료
- 시멘트 혼화제 원료
- 구연산 염료 제조시(구연산나트륨, 구연산암모늄, 구연산칼륨)
- 청관제(PIPE 세정제)
-기타(PH 조정제 및 공업약품 제조시)
화학적 성질
Citric acid monohydrate occurs as colorless or translucent crystals or as a white crystalline, efflorescent powder. It is odorless and has a strong acidic taste. The crystal structure is orthorhombic. monohydrate crystals lose water of crystallization in dry air or when heated to about 40 to 50℃. Citric acid monohydrate softens at 75℃ and melts at approximately 100℃. It serves as a natural preservative and is commonly utilized to contribute an acidic or sour taste to foods and soft drinks.
Citric acid monohydrate acts as a preservative and antioxidant. It is also used as an acidulant, flavoring agent and antistaling agent in fruit drinks, candy, cookies, biscuits, canned fruits, jams, and jellies. It differs from other forms of citric acid by having a moisture percentage ranging from 7.5-9.0.
용도
Citric Acid Monohydrate is a tricarboxylic acid found in citrus fruits. Citric acid is used as an excipient in pharmaceutical preparations due to its antioxidant properties. It maintains the stability of active ingredients and is used as a preservative. It is also used as an acidulant to control pH and acts as an anticoagulant by chelating calcium in the blood. Additionally, Citric Acid Monohydrate is used as an acidulating, food additive, and synergist in antioxidant mixtures.주요 응용
Citric acid monohydrate has multiple applications. It is used for preparing citrate buffer in platelets for intravital microscopy and as a buffer component for unmasking antigens and epitopes. Additionally, it functions as a pH-control agent in food, beverage, and pharmaceutical industries. In animals, it enhances the efficiency of nutritional calcium utilization.Recent uses of citric acid monohydrate include:
As a carbon source in carbon nanodot synthesis
To prepare a pH-6.0 citric acid monohydrate solution/buffer for tissue sample preparation
In citric acid solubilization technique to treat various samples.
제조 방법
Currently, the industrial production process for citric acid monohydrate crystals involves several steps. First, the citric acid fermentation liquid is separated from the solid-liquid to obtain a citric acid clear liquid. Then, the clear liquid undergoes purification via the calcium salt method (hydrogen calcium method), acidolysis, and decolorization. This purified solution is then heated, concentrated, and crystallized to produce anhydrous citric acid. The mother liquor remaining from this process is then filtered by plate and frame and added to a crystallization cylinder to reach a supersaturated state through cooling and precipitating the crystal. Once the temperature reaches around 13 ℃, the mixture undergoes centrifugal separation, and the resulting wet crystal is then dried in a dryer. The separated mother liquor, after being filtered, decolorized, and concentrated, is added back to the crystallization cylinder to repeat the above steps a total of four to five times. Finally, the mother liquor is returned to the extraction workshop for re-purification via chromatographic separation.일반 설명
Citric acid monohydrate is an organic acid. Its molar enthalpy of solution in water has been reported to be ΔsolHm (298.15K, m = 0.0203molkg-1) = (29061 ± 123)Jmol-1Safety
Citric acid monohydrate is non-toxic and has a low reactivity.May cause gastrointestinal irritation with nausea, vomiting and diarrhea. Excessive intake of citric acid may cause erosion of the teeth. Inhalation: Causes respiratory tract irritation. Chronic: Repeated exposure may cause erosion of teeth.
저장
Citric acid monohydrate loses water of crystallization in dry air or when heated to about 408℃. It is slightly deliquescent in moist air. Dilute aqueous solutions of citric acid may ferment on standing.Purification Methods
Crystallise it from hot H2O solution (w/w solubility is 54% at 10o, 71% at 50o and 84% at 100o. The monohydrate (softens at ~75o and melts at ~100o) dehydrates in air or when heated gently above 40o . The triethylester ( M 276.3, b 127o/1mm, 294o/atm, d 4 1.137, n D 1.4420.) is a bitter tasting oil. [Beilstein 3 H 556 and 568, 3 IV 1272.]비 호환성
Citric acid is incompatible with potassium tartrate, alkali and alkaline earth carbonates and bicarbonates, acetates, and sulfides. Incompatibilities also include oxidizing agents, bases, reducing agents, and nitrates. It is potentially explosive in combination with metal nitrates. On storage, sucrose may crystallize from syrups in the presence of citric acid.Regulatory Status
GRAS listed. The anhydrous form is accepted for use as a food additive in Europe. Included in the FDA Inactive Ingredients Database (inhalations; IM, IV, and other injections; ophthalmic preparations; oral capsules, solutions, suspensions and tablets; topical and vaginal preparations). Included in nonparenteral and parenteral medicines licensed in Japan and the UK. Included in the Canadian List of Acceptable Non-medicinal Ingredients.참고 문헌
A comparison of properties between the citric acid monohydrate and deep eutectic solvent extracted Averrhoa bilimbi pectins DOI:10.1007/s11694-020-00533-xMethods of multilocus enzyme electrophoresis for bacterial population genetics and systematics DOI:10.1128/aem.51.5.873-884.1986
Increased Adhesion and Aggregation of Platelets Lacking Cyclic Guanosine 3′,5′-Monophosphate Kinase I DOI:10.1084/JEM.189.8.1255
Citric Acid, Anhydrous, and Citric Acid, Monohydrate DOI: 10.1021/acsreagents.4096.20211101
Production method for citric acid monohydrate crystal
https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/22230
시트르산(구연산) 준비 용품 및 원자재
원자재
준비 용품
시트르산(구연산) 공급 업체
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