레바미졸

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레바미졸 C화학적 특성, 용도, 생산

용도

Levamisole is used for initial and secondary immunodeficient conditions, autoimmune diseases, chronic and reoccurring infections, large intestine adenocarcinoma, helmintosis, and rheumatoid arthritis. Synonyms of this drug are decaris, tetramizole, and others.
Levimasole is also a drug of choice for ascardiasis. Numerous investigations show that a single dose of levamisole heals from 90 to 100% of patients with ascardiasis, in particular those infected with A. duodenale. It is less effective against ancylostomiasis and strongyloidiasis. However, it is not effective against N. americanus. It seems likely that it has a gangliostimulating effect on parasite tissues in both the parasympathetic and sympathetic regions. Moreover, it is presumed that this drug has an immunomodulatory effect on the host organism. Synonyms of this drug are decaris, solacil, ergamisol, tramisol, immunol, and others.

Indications

Levamisole (Ergamisol) is an antiparasitic drug that has been found to enhance T-cell function and cellular immunity. The drug improves survival of patients with resected colorectal cancers when combined with 5-fluorouracil; the mechanism of this interaction is not known. Levamisole does not have antitumor activity against established or metastatic cancer and has not been found useful in the adjuvant therapy of cancers other than colorectal cancer.
The major adverse effects of levamisole are nausea and anorexia. Skin rashes, itching, flulike symptoms, and fevers also have been observed.

정의

ChEBI: Levamisole is a 6-phenyl-2,3,5,6-tetrahydroimidazo[2,1-b][1,3]thiazole that has S configuration. It is used (generally as the monohydrochloride salt) to treat parasitic worm infections in pigs, sheep and cattle and was formerly used in humans as an adjuvant to chemotherapy for the treatment of various cancers. It is also widely used as an adulterant to coccaine. It has a role as an antinematodal drug, an antirheumatic drug, an immunomodulator, an immunological adjuvant and an EC 3.1.3.1 (alkaline phosphatase) inhibitor. It is an enantiomer of a dexamisole.

Antimicrobial activity

Its principal activity is against Asc. lumbricoides and hookworms. Worms are paralyzed and passed out in the feces within a few hours.

Pharmaceutical Applications

The l-isomer of tetramisole, available as the monohydrochloride. The d-isomer has no anthelmintic activity. It is very soluble in water and is stable in the dry state.

Mechanism of action

Levamisole has immunomodulating activity. It is believed that it regulates cellular mechanisms of the immune system, and the mechanism of its action may be associated with activation and proliferative growth of T-lymphocytes, increased numbers of monocytes and activation of macrophages, and also with increased activity and hemotaxis of neutrophylic granulocytes. Levamisole also exhibits anthelmint action. It also increases the body’s overall resistivity and restores altered T-lymphocyte and phagocyte function. It can also fulfill an immunomodulatory function by strengthening the weak reaction of cellular immunity, weakening strong reaction, and having no effect on normal reaction.

Pharmacokinetics

Oral absorption: c. 90%
C_max 150 mg oral: 0.5 mg/L after c. 2 h
Plasma half-life: c. 4 h
Volume of distribution: 100–120 L
Levamisole is rapidly absorbed from the gut and extensively metabolized in the liver. It is excreted chiefly in the urine.

Clinical Use

Ascariasis
Hookworm infection
Levamisole has been used in rheumatoid arthritis and some other conditions that are said to respond to its immunomodulatory activity.

부작용

Nausea, gastrointestinal upsets and very mild neurological problems have been reported.

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레바미졸 공급 업체

공급자	전화	이메일	국가	제품 수	이점
Hebei Guanlang Biotechnology Co., Ltd.	+86-19930503282	alice@crovellbio.com	China	8822	58
Hebei Mojin Biotechnology Co., Ltd	+8613288715578	sales@hbmojin.com	China	12453	58
ZHEJIANG JIUZHOU CHEM CO., LTD	+86-0576225566889 +86-13454675544	admin@jiuzhou-chem.com；jamie@jiuzhou-chem.com；alice@jiuzhou-chem.com	China	20000	58
Hebei Yanxi Chemical Co., Ltd.	+8617531190177	peter@yan-xi.com	China	5993	58
Taiyuan CJ Trading Co., Ltd	+86-18536636121	anna@lianxuchemical.com	China	8	58
Wuhan Aoliqisi New Material Technology Co., Ltd.	+86-13545906766; +8613545906766	sales@whaop.com	China	265	58
Wuhan Ruichi Technology Co., Ltd	+8613545065237	admin@whrchem.com	China	164	58
Shanghai Affida new material science and technology center	+undefined15081010295	2691956269@qq.com	China	359	58
CONTIDE BIOTECH CO.,LTD	+85253358525	xena@healthtide-api.com	China	521	58
Nanjing Deda New Material Technology Co., Ltd	+8613223293093	bella@njdeda.com	China	81	58

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