CIS-THIOTHIXENE

CIS-THIOTHIXENE 속성

CIS-THIOTHIXENE C화학적 특성, 용도, 생산

개요

In 2002, the American Association of Poison Control Centers’ Toxic Exposure Surveillance System reported 5224 human exposures to phenothiazines, thioxanthenes, and other neuroleptic medications; 3691 were in adults and 808 in children. Unintentional and intentional exposures accounted for 43.7 and 47.8%, respectively. There were 417 (8.0%) adverse drug reactions reported. Thioxanthenes are chemical compounds in which the oxygen atom in xanthene is replaced with a sulfur atom. They are also related to phenothiazines. Several derivatives are used as typical antipsychotics in the treatment of schizophrenia and other psychoses. The thioxanthenes, as a class, are closely related chemically to the phenothiazines. The major structural difference is that the nitrogen at position 10 in the phenothiazines is replaced by a carbon atom with a double bond to the side chain, as shown in the chemical structure of flupenthixol, which has a double-bonded carbon in the number 10 position. Clopenthixol is a typical antipsychotic drug of the thioxanthenes class and a racemic mixture of cis and trans isomers. Zuclopenthixol, the pure cis isomer, has been much more widely used. Both drugs are equally effective as antipsychotics and have similar adverse effect profiles, but clopenthixol is half as active on a milligram-to-milligram basis and appears to produce more sedation in comparison.

용도

Thioxanthenes are used as neuroleptic agents, antipsychotics, and major tranquilizers in the treatment of psychosis, including schizophrenia, senile psychosis, pathological jealousy, and borderline personality disorder. Other uses include the treatment of pain, postoperative neuralgia, sedation, anxiety neurosis, childhood behavior problems, and depression. The maximum therapeutic daily oral dose for chlorprothixene, flupenthixol, and thiothixene is 600, 224, and 60 mg, respectively; the maximum intramuscular doses are 200 mg day^-1, 100 mg weekly, and 30 mg day^-1, respectively. Some thioxanthenes and thioxanthenones have shown signs of possible human therapeutic potential against tumors in mice and in vitro assays, and some thioxanthenes have been shown to have cytotoxic and antimicrobial activities.
Chlorprothixene is primarily indicated in conditions such as agitation, mania, psychosis, schizophrenia, and can also be given in adjunctive therapy as an alternative drug of choice for anxiety and herpetic neuralgia. Flupenthixol (HCl and decanoate) is primarily indicated in conditions such as depression, muscle spasms of varied etiology, pain, personality disorder, postoperative nausea and vomiting, psychosis, relief of discomfort in mild urinary tract infections, and schizophrenia. Flupenthixol is also seen to possess powerful antibacterial activity both in vitro and in vivo in mouse experiments. It is bacteriostatic in vitro both against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. Thiothixene is used in the management of schizophrenia. It has not been evaluated in the management of behavioral complications in patients with mental retardation.
Zuclopenthixol is primarily indicated in conditions such as dementia, to enhance permeation of subcutaneous or intramuscular injections, labyrinthine disorders, prolactinoma, psychosis, schizophrenia, and second trimester abortion. It is also used in the treatment of acute bipolar mania.

환경귀착

Long-range transport: handling of thioxanthenes should only be performed by personnel trained and familiar with handling potent active pharmaceutical ingredients. In case of handling, avoid inhalation and contact with skin, eyes, and clothing, as these materials may be an irritant. These substances are considered nonhazardous for transport.

CIS-THIOTHIXENE 준비 용품 및 원자재

원자재

준비 용품

CIS-THIOTHIXENE 공급 업체

공급자	전화	이메일	국가	제품 수	이점
AFINE CHEMICALS LIMITED	0571-85134551	info@afinechem.com	CHINA	15377	58
Dayang Chem (Hangzhou) Co.,Ltd.	571-88938639 +8617705817739	info@dycnchem.com	CHINA	52867	58
Shaanxi Didu New Materials Co. Ltd	+86-89586680 +86-13289823923	1026@dideu.com	China	9214	58
GIHI CHEMICALS CO.,LIMITED	+8618058761490	info@gihichemicals.com	China	49999	58
Shanghai Synchem Pharma Co., ltd	021-61984905-1 18016477331	synchempharma@aliyun.com	China	6451	55
Shanghai EFE Biological Technology Co., Ltd.	021-65675885 18964387627	info@efebio.com	China	9709	58
BOC Sciences	--	info@bocsci.com	USA	0	65
Hubei Moco Chemical Co., Ltd.	18627756402	3001051413@qq.com	China	10008	58
ChemeGen(Shanghai) Biotechnology Co.,Ltd.	18818260767	sales@chemegen.com	China	11289	58
Changzhou Furuisi Biotechnology Co., Ltd	0519-85524369	3477467573@qq.com	China	8618	58