펜타클로로에탄
|
|
펜타클로로에탄 속성
- 녹는점
- -29--22°C
- 끓는 점
- 161-162 °C(lit.)
- 밀도
- 1.68 g/mL at 25 °C(lit.)
- 증기압
- 4.5 at 25 °C (Mackay and Shiu, 1981)
- 굴절률
- n
20/D 1.502(lit.)
- 인화점
- 162°C
- 저장 조건
- 2-8°C
- 용해도
- 알코올 및 에테르와 혼화성(Windholz et al., 1983)
- 물리적 상태
- 액체
- 색상
- 무색의
- 냄새
- 클로로포름 같은 냄새
- 수용성
- 물에 불용성.
- Merck
- 14,7108
- BRN
- 1736845
- Henry's Law Constant
- 2.11 at 30 °C (headspace-GC, Sanz et al., 1997)
- Dielectric constant
- 3.7(16℃)
- 안정성
- 안정적인. 불연성. 강한 산화제와 호환되지 않습니다. 알칼리나 금속과 격렬하게 반응할 수 있음.
- CAS 데이터베이스
- 76-01-7(CAS DataBase Reference)
- IARC
- 3 (Vol. 41, Sup 7, 71) 1999
안전
- 위험 및 안전 성명
- 위험 및 사전주의 사항 (GHS)
위험품 표기 | T,N | ||
---|---|---|---|
위험 카페고리 넘버 | 40-48/23-51/53-48/20-39/23/24/25-36/38-23/24/25-11 | ||
안전지침서 | 23-36/37-45-61-26 | ||
유엔번호(UN No.) | UN 1669 6.1/PG 2 | ||
WGK 독일 | 2 | ||
RTECS 번호 | KI6300000 | ||
TSCA | Yes | ||
위험 등급 | 6.1 | ||
포장분류 | II | ||
유해 물질 데이터 | 76-01-7(Hazardous Substances Data) | ||
독성 | MLD (mg/kg) in dogs: 1750 orally; 100 i.v.; in rabbits: 700 s.c. (Barsoum, Saad) |
펜타클로로에탄 C화학적 특성, 용도, 생산
화학적 성질
colourless liquid with a camphor-like smell.Pentachloroethane is incompatible and very reactive in contact with sodium potassium (alloy + bromoform), alkalis, metals, and water. On hydrolysis, pentachloroethane produces dichloroacetic acid and the reaction with alkalis and metals produces chloroacetylenes, which becomes spontaneously explosive. Pentachloroethane is a colourless stable liquid with a camphor-like smell and non-flammable. Pentachloroethane is incompatible with strong oxidising agents and reacts violently with alkalis or metals.물리적 성질
Clear, colorless liquid with a sweetish, chloroform-like odor용도
Pentachloroethane has been used as a solvent and chemical intermediate but has had little commercial utilization. Pentachloroethane is used as a solvent for oil and grease in metal cleaning; in the separation of cola from impurities by density difference; as a chemical intermediate in the manufacture of tetrachloroethylene and dichloroacetic acid; as a solvent for cellulose acetate, certain cellulose ethers, resins, and gums; as a drying agent for timber by immersion at temperatures greater than 100C; in dry cleaning and soil sterilizing.일반 설명
A colorless liquid with a chloroform-like odor. Insoluble in water and denser than water. Toxic by inhalation and ingestion. May irritate skin and eyes. Used as a solvent.공기와 물의 반응
Insoluble in water.반응 프로필
A mixture of PENTACHLOROETHANE with potassium may explode after a short delay. Reaction with alkalis or metals will produce a violent reaction. PENTACHLOROETHANE also reacts violently with NaK alloy + bromoform. PENTACHLOROETHANE is incompatible with strong oxidizing agents.건강위험
Irritation of skin, lungs, eyes, and mucous membrane; depression of central nervous system; and toxicity similar to tetrachloroethanes.Safety Profile
Poison by inhalation and intravenous routes. Moderately toxic by ingestion and subcutaneous routes. An irritant. Questionable carcinogen with experimental carcinogenic data. Flammable when exposed to heat or flame. Moderately explosive by spontaneous chemical reaction. To fight fire, use water, CO2, dry chemical. Dehalogenation by reaction with alkalies, metals, etc., wdl produce spontaneously explosive chloroacetylenes. Violent reaction with NaK alloy + bromoform. Mixtures with potassium are very shock-sensitive explosives. When heated to decomposition it emits highly toxic fumes of Cl-. See also CHLORINATED HYDROCARBONS, ALIPHATIC.Carcinogenicity
The NTP performed a carcinogenesis/ general toxicity bioassay with F344/N rats and B6C3F1 mice. Chronic inflammation of the kidney and interstitial inflammation of lung were observed in male rats with a positive dose–response relationship. A Frank effect level of 54 for male rats was observed. NTP concluded that “Under the conditions of this bioassay, technical grade pentachlorethane containing 4.2% hexachlorethane (known carcinogen in mice) was not carcinogenic in F344/N rats. The decreased survival of dosed rats was confounding. Pentachloroethane was nephrotoxic to male rats. Technical grade pentachloroethane was carcinogenic for B6CeF1 mice, causing hepatocellular carcinomas in males and females and adenomas in females. This study was cited by IARC as a limited evidence for the carcinogenicity of pentachloroethane in experimental animals. Combined with the lack of epidemiological data for exposure, IARC stated that pentachloroethane was not classifiable as carcinogenic to humans. There is concern for the possibility of a-2 m-globulin nephropathy occurring. However, considering that the pathological sequence of lesions has not been fully established, this cannot be verified. When fed 5 days/week to male rats for 104 weeks at doses of 75 and 150 mg/kg/day, mortality was excessive and body weight gain was below controls starting at 76 weeks. Weight gain was decreased in female rats at both levels starting at 42 weeks, but mortality in both sexes was increased only at 150 mg/kg/day.No increase in tumors was found, but there was a dose-related increase in the incidence of chronic renal inflammation of male rats and mineralization of renal papillae.Survival of mice similarly treated with 250–500 mg/kg/ day was significantly shortened, and hepatocellular carcinomas were increased. The only other tumor showing an increase was in female mice, where there was a dose-related increase in hepatocellular adenoma. The cause of death did not appear to be either the renal lesions in male rats or the liver tumors in mice, and no other target organs were found to explain the deaths.
환경귀착
Chemical/Physical. At various pHs, pentachloroethane hydrolyzed to tetrachloroethylene (Jeffers et al., 1989; Roberts and Gschwend, 1991). Dichloroacetic acid was also reported as a hydrolysis product. Reacts with alkalies and metals producing explosive chloroacetylenes (NIOSH, 1997). The reported hydrolysis half-life at 25 °C and pH 7 is 3.6 d (Jeffers et al., 1989).In anoxic hypolimnion samples collected from Lower Mystic Lake, MA, pentachloroethane was abiotically transformed within days to tetrachloroethylene via dehydrohalogenation pathway and to trichloroethylene via reductive elimination. After 10 d, mass balances of 91 and 86% were reported for unaltered and filter-sterilized samples, respectively. A disappearance rate constant of 0.26/d was reported for pentachloroethane for both the unaltered and filter-sterilized samples. The disappearance of pentachloroethane was abiotic in origin due to the reactions with naturally occurring aqueous polysulfides, H2S and Sn-2 (Miller et al., 1998a).
The evaporation half-life of pentachloroethane (1 mg/L) from water at 25 °C using a shallowpitch propeller stirrer at 200 rpm at an average depth of 6.5 cm was 46.5 min (Dilling, 1977).
Purification Methods
Usual impurities include trichloroethylene. It partially decomposes if it is distilled at atmospheric pressure. Drying it with CaO, KOH or sodium is unsatisfactory because of the elimination of the elements of HCl. It can be purified by steam distillation, or by washing with conc H2SO4, water, and then aqueous K2CO3, drying with solid K2CO3 or CaSO4, and fractionally distilling under reduced pressure. [Beilstein 2 IV 147.]펜타클로로에탄 준비 용품 및 원자재
원자재
준비 용품
펜타클로로에탄 공급 업체
글로벌( 67)공급 업체
공급자 | 전화 | 이메일 | 국가 | 제품 수 | 이점 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Henan Fengda Chemical Co., Ltd | +86-371-86557731 +86-13613820652 |
info@fdachem.com | China | 7377 | 58 |
Hubei xin bonus chemical co. LTD | 86-13657291602 |
linda@hubeijusheng.com | CHINA | 22968 | 58 |
Shaanxi Dideu Medichem Co. Ltd | +86-029-81148696 +8615536356810 |
1047@dideu.com | China | 3679 | 58 |
Shaanxi Dideu Medichem Co. Ltd | +86-029-89586680 +86-18192503167 |
1026@dideu.com | China | 9553 | 58 |
Yangzhou Model Electronic Materials Co., Ltd. | +8613761402923 |
sales@modeltemol.com | CHINA | 571 | 58 |
Shaanxi Didu New Materials Co. Ltd | +86-89586680 +86-13289823923 |
1026@dideu.com | China | 9309 | 58 |
LEAPCHEM CO., LTD. | +86-852-30606658 |
market18@leapchem.com | China | 43348 | 58 |
Aladdin Scientific | +1-833-552-7181 |
sales@aladdinsci.com | United States | 57511 | 58 |
Aladdin Scientific | +1-833-552-7181 |
sales@aladdinsci.com | United States | 52927 | 58 |
Mainchem Co., Ltd. | +86-0592-6210733 |
sale@mainchem.com | China | 32360 | 55 |
펜타클로로에탄 관련 검색:
헥사클로로에탄 펜타클로로에탄
Tetrahydrofuran
MAGNESIUM SILICIDE
5-Chlorothiophene-2-boronic acid
1,1,1,2,2,3,3-HEPTACHLOROPROPANE
FLUOROPENTACHLOROETHANE
1,1,1-TRIFLUORO-2,2,3,3,3-PENTACHLORO-PROPANE
HEXACHLOROETHANE (1-13C)
OCTACHLOROPROPANE
1,1-DIFLUORO-1,2,2,3,3,3-HEXACHLOROPROPANE
CHLORINATED HYDROCARBONS MIXTURE
PENTACHLOROETHANE, 1X1ML, MEOH,PENTACHLOROETHANE, 1X1ML, MEOH
PENTACHLOROETHANE 1X1ML MEOH 5000UG/&,PENTACHLOROETHANE 1X1ML MEOH 5000UG/&
PENTACHLOROETHANE SOLUTION 100UG/ML IN HEXANE 5X1ML,PENTACHLOROETHANE SOLUTION 100UG/ML IN HEXANE 5X1ML
PENTACHLOROETHANE SOLUTION 100UG/ML IN HEXANE 1ML,PENTACHLOROETHANE SOLUTION 100UG/ML IN HEXANE 1ML
PENTACHLOROETHANE, 1X1ML, MEOH, 5000UG/M L,PENTACHLOROETHANE, 1X1ML, MEOH, 5000UG/M L
PENTACHLOROETHANE SOLUTION 100UG/ML IN HEXANE 5ML,PENTACHLOROETHANE SOLUTION 100UG/ML IN HEXANE 5ML