(+)-TUBOCURARINE CHLORIDE PENTAHYDRATE C화학적 특성, 용도, 생산
개요
Tubocurarine chloride is the only naturally occurring neuromuscular
blocking agent. It is derived from the bark of the South American plant
chondrodendron tomentosum, which has been used for centuries by South
American Indians as an arrow poison. I t was the first non-depolarising
neuromuscular blocking agent to be used in humans. I t has a marked
propensity to produce histamine release and thus hypotension, with possibly
a compensatory tachycardia. Historically, tubocurarine, alcuronium and
gallamine have been used in clinical practice, but they are no longer available
in the UK. A lcuronium chloride is a semisynthetic derivative of toxiferin, an
alkaloid of calabash curare. Gallamine triethiodide is a trisquaternary amine.
It was first used in France in 1948. The only recent use of gallamine in the UK
was as a small pretreatment dose (10 mg) before suxamethonium.
화학적 성질
white to slightly yellowish powder
용도
antibacterial
일반 설명
Tubocurarine chloride,( )-tubocurarine chloride hydrochloride pentahydrate, isprepared from crude curare by a process of purification andcrystallization. Tubocurarine chloride occurs as a white oryellowish white to grayish white, odorless, crystalline powderthat is soluble in water. Aqueous solutions of it are stableto heat sterilization. The structural formula for (+)-tubocurarine was longthought to be that of Ia (see structure diagram). Throughthe work of Everett et al.,the structure is now knownto be that of Ib. The monoquaternary nature of Ib thusrevealed has caused some reassessment of thinking concerningthe theoretical basis for the blocking action, becauseall had previously assumed a diquaternary structure(i.e., Ia). Nevertheless, this does not negate the earlierconclusions that a diquaternary nature of the molecule provides better blocking action than does a monoquaternarynature (e.g., Ib is approximately fourfold lesspotent than dimethyl tubocurarine iodide). Further, (+)-isotubocurarine chloride (Ic) has twice the activity of Ib inthe particular test used.
(+)-TUBOCURARINE CHLORIDE PENTAHYDRATE 준비 용품 및 원자재
