THULIUM

THULIUM 구조식 이미지
카스 번호:
7440-30-4
상품명:
THULIUM
동의어(영문):
THULIUM;TM000215;TM000208;TM000205;TM000200;TM000210;TM005120;TM007910;huliumatom;Thulium-169
CBNumber:
CB6351960
분자식:
Tm
포뮬러 무게:
168.93
MOL 파일:
7440-30-4.mol

THULIUM 속성

녹는점
1545 °C (lit.)
끓는 점
1950 °C (lit.)
밀도
9.332 g/mL at 25 °C (lit.)
용해도
soluble in dilute acid solutions
물리적 상태
가루
색상
은회색
Specific Gravity
9.332
비저항
90 μΩ-cm, 20°C
수용성
H2O와 천천히 반응합니다. 묽은 산에 용해됨 [HAW93]
감도
Air & Moisture Sensitive
Merck
13,9471
노출 한도
ACGIH: TWA 2 ppm; STEL 4 ppm
OSHA: TWA 2 ppm(5 mg/m3)
NIOSH: IDLH 25 ppm; TWA 2 ppm(5 mg/m3); STEL 4 ppm(10 mg/m3)
CAS 데이터베이스
7440-30-4(CAS DataBase Reference)
EPA
Thulium (7440-30-4)
안전
  • 위험 및 안전 성명
  • 위험 및 사전주의 사항 (GHS)
위험품 표기 F,Xi,C
위험 카페고리 넘버 15-17-36/37-34-23/24/25
안전지침서 26-36-43-45-36/37/39-27
유엔번호(UN No.) UN 3089 4.1/PG 2
WGK 독일 3
F 고인화성물질 10
TSCA Yes
위험 등급 4.1
포장분류 II
HS 번호 28053090
그림문자(GHS): GHS hazard pictogramsGHS hazard pictograms
신호 어: Danger
유해·위험 문구:
암호 유해·위험 문구 위험 등급 범주 신호 어 그림 문자 P- 코드
H228 인화성 고체 인화성 고체 구분 1
구분 2
위험
경고
GHS hazard pictograms P210, P240,P241, P280, P370+P378
H260 물과 접촉시 자연 발화성 인화성 가스를 발생시킴 물반응성 물질 및 혼합물 구분 1 위험 GHS hazard pictograms P223, P231+P232, P280, P335+ P334,P370+P378, P402+P404, P501
H319 눈에 심한 자극을 일으킴 심한 눈 손상 또는 자극성 물질 구분 2A 경고 GHS hazard pictograms P264, P280, P305+P351+P338,P337+P313P
H335 호흡 자극성을 일으킬 수 있음 특정 표적장기 독성 - 1회 노출;호흡기계 자극 구분 3 경고 GHS hazard pictograms
예방조치문구:
P210 열·스파크·화염·고열로부터 멀리하시오 - 금연 하시오.
P223 물과 접촉하지 마시오.
P231+P232 불활성 기체 하에서 취급하고, 습기를 방지하시오.
P240 용기와 수용설비를 접지 및 접합시키시오.
P261 분진·흄·가스·미스트·증기·...·스프레이의 흡입을 피하시오.
P280 보호장갑/보호의/보안경/안면보호구를 착용하시오.
P305+P351+P338 눈에 묻으면 몇 분간 물로 조심해서 씻으시오. 가능하면 콘택트렌즈를 제거하시오. 계속 씻으시오.
NFPA 704
2
0 0

THULIUM C화학적 특성, 용도, 생산

화학적 성질

grey chips

물리적 성질

Thulium is a naturally occurring rare metal that exists is very small amounts mixed withother rare-earths. It is a bright silvery metal that is malleable and ductile and can be cuteasily with a knife. Its melting point is so high that it is difficult to force it into a meltedstate. Its vapor pressure is also high, and thus, much of the molten thulium evaporates intothe atmosphere. Its melting point is 1,545°C, its boiling point is 2,950°C, and its density is9.32g/cm3.

Isotopes

There are a total of 46 isotopes of thulium. One of these, Tm-169 is the onlystable isotope of thulium and accounts for the total atomic mass of the element. All theother isotopes are artificially produced and radioactive and have half-lives ranging from afew microseconds to two years.

Origin of Name

Named for Thule, the Greek word for Scandinavia, the most northerly habitable land in ancient mythology.

출처

Thulium is the 61st most abundant element in the Earth’s crust and is found along withother rare-earths in monazite sand, which is about 50% rare-earths by weight. Only about0.007% of this is thulium. It is also found in bastnasite ore. It ranks 16th out of the 17 rareearthsin abundance. Thulium is usually found as an oxide along with other rare-earths. Likemost rare-earths, thulium can be separated from its ore by the ion-exchange process, whereits positive ion reacts with elements with negative ions like fluorine, chlorine, or oxygen toform binary compounds (e.g., Tm2O2). It can also be recovered as a by-product of the nuclearfission reaction in nuclear reactors.

Characteristics

Thulium is near the end of the lanthanide series, where the metals tend to be heavier thanthe ones located near the beginning of the series. It is so scarce that it requires the processing ofabout 500 tons of earth to extract four kilograms of thulium. The only element that is scarceris promethium, which is not found naturally on Earth.

역사

Discovered in 1879 by Cleve. Thulium occurs in small quantities along with other rare earths in a number of minerals. It is obtained commercially from monazite, which contains about 0.007% of the element. Thulium is the least abundant of the rare-earth elements, but with new sources recently discovered, it is now considered to be about as rare as silver, gold, or cadmium. Ion-exchange and solvent extraction techniques have recently permitted much easier separation of the rare earths, with much lower costs. Only a few years ago, thulium metal was not obtainable at any cost; in 1996 the oxide cost $20/g. Thulium metal powder now costs $70/g (99.9%). Thulium can be isolated by reduction of the oxide with lanthanum metal or by calcium reduction of the anhydrous fluoride. The pure metal has a bright, silvery luster. It is reasonably stable in air, but the metal should be protected from moisture in a closed container. The element is silver-gray, soft, malleable, and ductile, and can be cut with a knife. Forty-one isotopes and isomers are known, with atomic masses ranging from 146 to 176. Natural thulium, which is 100% 169Tm, is stable. Because of the relatively high price of the metal, thulium has not yet found many practical applications. 169Tm bombarded in a nuclear reactor can be used as a radiation source in portable X-ray equipment. 171Tm is potentially useful as an energy source. Natural thulium also has possible use in ferrites (ceramic magnetic materials) used in microwave equipment. As with other lanthanides, thulium has a low-to-moderate acute toxicity rating. It should be handled with care.

용도

Thulium(III) carbonate hydrate has specialized uses in ceramics, glass, phosphors, lasers, and also is the important dopant for fibre amplifiers. Thulium(III) carbonate hydrate has use in ferrites, ceramic magnetic materials that are used in microwave equipment.

정의

thulium: Symbol Tm. A soft greymetallic element belonging to thelanthanoids; a.n. 69; r.a.m. 168.934;r.d. 9.321 (20°C); m.p. 1545°C; b.p.1947°C. It occurs in apatite and xenotime.There is one natural isotope,thulium–169, and seventeen artificialisotopes have been produced. Thereare no uses for the element, whichwas discovered by Per Cleve (1840–1905) in 1879.

주요 응용

Thulium products are mainly used in making crystal and lasers.
An important application of the thulium in the Medicine area, and relatively independent of its high cost, is the production of portable X-ray sources. These sources are available for about one year, as tools in medical and dental diagnosis, as well as to detect defects in mechanical and electronic inaccessible components. This type of sources does not need excessive protection. Usually a small cap of lead is enough. Thulium can also be used in magnetic and ceramic materials (ferrite), similar to the Yttrium-iron alloys, nowadays used in the microwave technologies.
Thulium Metal, is mainly used in making superalloys, and has some application in ferrites (ceramic magnetic materials) used in microwave equipment and also as a radiation source of portable X-ray. Thulium potentially has use in ferrites, ceramic magnetic materials that are used in microwave equipment. it is used in arc lighting for its unusual spectrum.
THULIUM

위험도

The dust and powder of thulium are explosive and toxic if inhaled or ingested. As with allradioactive elements, thulium can cause radiation poisoning.

THULIUM 준비 용품 및 원자재

원자재

준비 용품


THULIUM 공급 업체

글로벌( 121)공급 업체
공급자 전화 이메일 국가 제품 수 이점
Hubei Jusheng Technology Co.,Ltd.
18871490254
linda@hubeijusheng.com CHINA 28180 58
Hefei TNJ Chemical Industry Co.,Ltd.
0551-65418671
sales@tnjchem.com China 34572 58
Shaanxi Dideu Medichem Co. Ltd
+86-029-89586680 +86-18192503167
1026@dideu.com China 9802 58
Zhuoer Chemical Co., Ltd
02120970332; +8613524231522
sales@zhuoerchem.com China 3010 58
Alfa Chemistry
+1-5166625404
Info@alfa-chemistry.com United States 21317 58
Hebei Duling International Trade Co. LTD
+8618032673083
sales05@hbduling.cn China 15755 58
Shanghai Acmec Biochemical Technology Co., Ltd.
+undefined18621343501
product@acmec-e.com China 33349 58
Mainchem Co., Ltd. +86-0592-6210733
sale@mainchem.com China 32360 55
J & K SCIENTIFIC LTD. 010-82848833 400-666-7788
jkinfo@jkchemical.com China 96815 76
Meryer (Shanghai) Chemical Technology Co., Ltd. 4006608290; 18621169109
market03@meryer.com China 40241 62

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