산화 수은, 고체 C화학적 특성, 용도, 생산
화학적 성질
bright red, orange or yellow powder. Mercuric oxide is incompatible with strong reducing agents, strong oxidising agents, combustible materials, and organic materials.
용도
Mercury oxide (HgO) exists in two forms, red and yellow mercuric oxides, and is related
to mercurous oxide (Hg2O), which is black. All have industrial uses, ranging from antiseptics
to pigments.
일반 설명
Red or orange-red odorless, dense crystalline powder or scales, yellow when finely powdered. Used as a chemical intermediate for mercury salts, organic mercury compounds, and chlorine monoxide; antiseptic in pharmaceuticals; component of dry cell batteries; pigment and glass modifier; fungicide; preservative in cosmetics; analytical reagent; formerly used in antifouling paints.
반응 프로필
MERCURIC OXIDE is light sensitive. When hydrazine hydrate is dropped on mercuric oxide, an explosion occurs [Mellor 8:318. 1946-47]. Hypophosphorous acid reduces mercuric oxide explosively to the metal [Mellor 4:778. 1946-47]. When heated to decomposition (932 F) MERCURIC OXIDE, RED decomposes into mercury and oxygen. Fumes from fire may contain poisonous mercury vapor; oxygen may increase intensity of fire. Explosion of mercuric oxide may occur with friction or application of heat. Avoid reducing agents. Avoid light; may decompose into mercury and oxygen.
위험도
Fire risk in contact with organic materials.
Highly toxic.
건강위험
MERCURIC OXIDE, RED is highly toxic by ingestion, inhalation, or skin absorption. Very short exposure to small quantities may cause death or permanent injury. Following ingestion, mercuric oxide is readily converted to mercuric chloride, the most dangerous mercury compound. Mercuric oxide dust has a corrosive effect on eyes, skin, and respiratory tract. People with a history of allergies or known sensitization to mercury, chronic respiratory disease, nervous system disorders, or kidney disorders are at increased risk from exposure.
화재위험
When heated to decomposition (932F) MERCURIC OXIDE, RED decomposes into mercury and oxygen. Fumes from fire may contain poisonous mercury vapor; oxygen may increase intensity of fire. Explosion of mercuric oxide may occur with friction or application of heat. Avoid reducing agents. Avoid light; may decompose into mercury and oxygen. Hazardous polymerization may not occur.
Safety Profile
Poison by ingestion,
skin contact, intraperitoneal, and
intramuscular routes. An experimental
teratogen. Experimental reproductive
effects. An FDA over-the-counter drug.
Used for treating fruit trees. Flammable by
chemical reactions. A powerful oxidzer.
Explosive reaction with acetyl nitrate,
butadene + ethanol + iodine (at 35OC),
chlorine + hydrocarbons (e.g., methane,
ethylene), diboron tetrafluoride, hydrogen
peroxide + traces of nitric acid, reducing
agents (e.g., hydrazine hydrate, phosphinic
acid). Forms heator impact-sensitive
explosive mixtures with nonmetals (e.g.,
phosphorus, sulfur), metals (e.g.,
magnesium, potassium, sodium-potas sium
alloy). Reacts violently with hydrogen
trisulfide (on ignition), hydrazine hydrate,
hydrogen peroxide, hypophosphorous acid,
iodine + methanol or ethanol, phospham,
acetyl nitrate, S2Cl2, reductants.
Incandescent reaction with phospham. When heated to decomposition it emits
highly toxic fumes of Hg. See also
MERCURY COMPOUNDS,
IN ORGAN I C .
잠재적 노출
Mercuric oxide is used for wound
sealing and canker treatment of fruit and rubber trees;
chemical intermediate for mercury salts; organic mercury
compounds; chlorine monoxide; as an antiseptic in pharmaceuticals; component of dry cell batteries; pigment and
glass modifier; fungicide; preservative in cosmetics;
analytical reagent; formerly used in antifouling paints
운송 방법
UN1641 Mercuric oxide, Hazard Class: 6.1;
Labels: 6.1-Poisonous material
Purification Methods
Dissolve it in HClO4 and precipitate it with NaOH solution. It is yellow when cold and changes to red at ~130o reversibly. POISONOUS.
비 호환성
A powerful oxidizer. Decomposes on
exposure to light, when heated above 500C, producing
highly toxic fumes including mercury and oxygen, which will
add to the intensity of an existing fire. Violent reaction with
combustible materials; other oxidizers; acetyl nitrate; aluminum, diboron tetrafluoride; reducing agents; phospham,
hydrogen trisulfide (on ignition); hydrazine hydrate; hydrogen
peroxide; hypophosphorous acid; acetyl nitrate; chlorine,
hypophosphorous acid; magnesium (when heated), disulfur
dichloride; alcohols, alkali metals (i.e., lithium, sodium, potassium, rubidium, cesium, francium). Forms heat- or impactsensitive explosive mixtures with sulfur, phosphorus and other
nonmetals, potassium, magnesium, sodium, and other chemically active metals. Incompatible with strong bases and light
산화 수은, 고체 준비 용품 및 원자재
원자재
준비 용품
