케로신

케로신
케로신 구조식 이미지
카스 번호:
8008-20-6
한글명:
케로신
동의어(한글):
등유,연료오일,콜오일,레인지오일,모빌케로신;케로신;등유;케로센;레인지오일;콜오일;모빌케로신;케로센제트연료;케로센오돌레스;디오도라이즈드케로신;케로젠
상품명:
Kerosene
동의어(영문):
KEROSINE;jp-5;KEROSENE OIL;jp-8;jeta;Kerosene(Technical);Avtur;nafta;jeta-1;coaloil
CBNumber:
CB6854421
분자식:
N/A
포뮬러 무게:
0
MOL 파일:
Mol file
MSDS 파일:
SDS

케로신 속성

녹는점
24-25 °C
끓는 점
175-325 °C(lit.)
밀도
0.8 g/mL at 25 °C(lit.)
증기 밀도
4.5 (vs air)
증기압
0.23 mm Hg ( 20 °C)
굴절률
n20/D 1.436
인화점
179 °F
저장 조건
2-8°C
물리적 상태
액체
색상
연노랑
냄새
연료유 냄새가 나네요
폭발한계
5%
Merck
14,5294
Dielectric constant
1.8(21℃)
안정성
안정적인. 가연성. 강한 산화제와 호환되지 않습니다.
EPA
Kerosene (8008-20-6)
안전
  • 위험 및 안전 성명
  • 위험 및 사전주의 사항 (GHS)
위험품 표기 Xn,N,F
위험 카페고리 넘버 65-67-62-51/53-48/20-38-11-40
안전지침서 23-24-62-61-36/37-16
유엔번호(UN No.) 1223
WGK 독일 3
RTECS 번호 OA5500000
자연 발화 온도 442 °F
위험 등급 3
포장분류 III
HS 번호 27101919
유해 물질 데이터 8008-20-6(Hazardous Substances Data)
독성 LD50 orally in rabbits: 28 ml/kg (Deichmann)
기존화학 물질 KE-21778
그림문자(GHS): GHS hazard pictogramsGHS hazard pictogramsGHS hazard pictograms
신호 어: Danger
유해·위험 문구:
암호 유해·위험 문구 위험 등급 범주 신호 어 그림 문자 P- 코드
H304 삼켜서 기도로 유입되면 치명적일 수 있음 흡인 유해성물질 구분 1 위험 GHS hazard pictograms
H315 피부에 자극을 일으킴 피부부식성 또는 자극성물질 구분 2 경고 GHS hazard pictograms P264, P280, P302+P352, P321,P332+P313, P362
H336 졸음 또는 현기증을 일으킬 수 있음 특정표적장기 독성 물질(1회 노출);마취작용 구분 3 경고 P261, P271, P304+P340, P312,P403+P233, P405, P501
H411 장기적 영향에 의해 수생생물에 유독함 수생 환경유해성 물질 - 만성 구분 2
예방조치문구:
P261 분진·흄·가스·미스트·증기·...·스프레이의 흡입을 피하시오.
P264 취급 후에는 손을 철저히 씻으시오.
P264 취급 후에는 손을 철저히 씻으시오.
P273 환경으로 배출하지 마시오.
P301+P310 삼켰다면 즉시 의료기관(의사)의 진찰을 받으시오.
P302+P352 피부에 묻으면 다량의 물로 씻으시오.
P331 토하게 하지 마시오.
NFPA 704
2
2 0

케로신 C화학적 특성, 용도, 생산

개요

Kerosene is primarily derived from refined petroleum. Kerosene was discovered in 1853 by Abraham Gesner, a British physician, through an extraction process of inflammable liquid from asphalt, a waxy petroleum mixture. Kerosene, therefore, is often called coal or fuel oil because of its asphalt origins. Kerosene was the first material to be chemically extracted on a large commercial scale.

화학적 성질

Kerosene is a white to pale yellow, mobile flammable, and combustible liquid. Kerosene (hydrodesulfurized) is a complex combination of hydrocarbons obtained from a petroleum stock by treating with hydrogen to convert organic sulfur to hydrogen sulfide, which is removed. Kerosene generally consists of hydrocarbons having carbon numbers predominantly in the range of C9 through C16 and boiling in the range of approximately 150–290℃ (302–554°F).

용도

In kerosene lamps, flares, and stoves; as degreaser and cleaner; Deobase formerly used as a solvent in cosmetics and in fly spray.

생산 방법

Kerosene is produced by direct fractionation of the “middle distillate fraction”. Individual kerosene composition varies widely, but consists mainly of linear and branched aliphatics, olefins, cycloparaffins, and aromatics in the C10–C16 range. For indoor heating fuels it is desirable to remove the olefins, aromatics, and sulfur compounds, because they promote the evolution of soot and sulfur oxides. For some purposes, highly refined or “deodorized” kerosene is manufactured by treatment with activated charcoal or by clay filtration and is generally less toxic than untreated kerosene.

일반 설명

A clear colorless to light amber liquid with a petroleum odor. Flash point 100°F. Less dense than water and insoluble in water. Vapors are heavier than air.

공기와 물의 반응

Highly flammable. Insoluble in water.

반응 프로필

Saturated aliphatic hydrocarbons, contained in Kerosene, may be incompatible with strong oxidizing agents like nitric acid. Charring of the hydrocarbon may occur followed by ignition of unreacted hydrocarbon and other nearby combustibles. In other settings, aliphatic saturated hydrocarbons are mostly unreactive. They are not affected by aqueous solutions of acids, alkalis, most oxidizing agents, and most reducing agents.

위험도

Moderate fire risk, explosive limits in air 0.7–5.0%. Toxic by inhalation. Questionable carcinogen.

건강위험

Vapor causes slight irritation of eyes and nose. Liquid irritates stomach; if taken into lungs, causes coughing, distress, and rapidly developing pulmonary edema.

화학 반응

Reactivity with Water No reaction; Reactivity with Common Materials: No reactions; Stability During Transport: Stable; Neutralizing Agents for Acids and Caustics: Not pertinent; Polymerization: Not pertinent; Inhibitor of Polymerization: Not pertinent.

환경귀착

Kerosene is composed of aliphatic hydrocarbons with 10–16 carbons per molecule and benzene and naphthalene derivatives. Because kerosene is a complex mixture of various hydrocarbon fractions, its transport and transformation in the environment are dependent on the environment fate of the individual hydrocarbons that comprise it. Kerosene can enter the environment because of its uses – engine fuels, domestic heating, pesticide, and solvent. Environmental releases of kerosene predominantly results in portioning to air. The halflife reaction is calculated to be 0.27–2.2 days. Photodegeneration is rapid in the air phase. Kerosene is expected to have low mobility and some immobility when released to soil. Volatilization does occur. Kerosene is biodegradable in soil, although some components of the mixture adhere strongly to the soil. Kerosene is also biodegradable in surface water. However, some components of the mixture may bioconcentrate in fish and other aquatic organisms. Hydrolysis is insignificant because kerosene lacks the functional groups that hydrolyze under environmental conditions.

Purification Methods

Stir it with conc H2SO4 until a fresh portion of acid remains colourless, then wash with water, dry with solid KOH and distil it in a Claisen flask. For more complete drying, the kerosene can be refluxed with Na, and distilled from Na.

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