디에틸아연 C화학적 특성, 용도, 생산
개요
Diethyl zinc is an organometal compound and is a dangerous fire hazard. It spontaneously ignites in air and reacts violently with water, releasing flammable vapors and heat. It is a colorless, pyrophoric liquid with a specific gravity of 1.2, which is heavier than water, so it will sink to the bottom. It decomposes explosively at 248°F (120°C). It has a boiling point of 243°F (117°C), a flash point of ?20°F (?28°C), and a melting point of ?18°F (?27°C). The four-digit UN identification number is 1366. The NFPA 704 designation is health 3, flammability 4, and reactivity 3. The white space at the bottom of the diamond has a W with a slash through it to indicate water reactivity. Primary uses of diethyl zinc are in the polymerization of olefins, high-energy aircraft, and missile fuel and in the production of ethyl mercuric chloride.
화학적 성질
Clear colorless solution
용도
Diethylzinc solution can be used in the synthesis of:
- Bis(pyridylpyrrolyl)zinc luminescent complexes.
- A versatile building block, 5-(ketoaryl)thiazole.
- ZnxCd1-xSe nanocrystals having high luminescence properties.
일반 설명
Diethylzinc is a pyrophoric liquid with a garlic-like odor. Diethylzinc is stable when Diethylzinc is shipped in sealed tubes with carbon dioxide. Diethylzinc may decompose violently in water and ignite spontaneously with air. Diethylzinc is toxic by ingestion. If exposed to heat or flame, containers of Diethylzinc may explode. Diethylzinc is used as an aircraft fuel.
공기와 물의 반응
Highly flammable. Ignites in air with a blue flame giving off a peculiar garlic-like odor, [Merck, 11th ed., 1989]. Diethyl zinc is spontaneously flammable in air, [Douda(1966)]. Reacts violently with water to form flammable ethane gas, [Brauer(1965)].
반응 프로필
Diethylzinc is pyrophoric in air, Diethylzinc ignites instantaneously. Diethylzinc reacts explosively with alcohols (methanol, ethanol), bromine, chlorine or liquefied sulfur dioxide [Houben-Weyl, 1973, 13.2a, p. 855, 757, 709]. Reaction with water, nitro compounds, arsenic trichloride, phosphorus trichloride is violent [Bretherick, 5th ed., 1995, p. 587].
건강위험
Inhalation of mist or vapor causes immediate irritation of nose and throat; excessive or prolonged inhalation of fumes from ignition or decomposition may cause ``metal fume fever'' (sore throat, headache, fever, chills, nausea, vomiting, muscular aches, perspiration, constricting sensation in lungs, weakness, sometimes prostration); symptoms usually last 12-24 hrs., with complete recovery in 24-48 hrs. Eyes are immediately and severely irritated on contact with liquid, vapor, or dilute solution; without thorough irrigation, cornea may be permanently damaged. Moisture in skin combines with chemical to cause thermal and acid burns; tissue may be scarred without prompt treatment. Ingestion is unlikely but would cause immediate burns at site of contact; pain, nausea, vomiting, cramps, and diarrhea may follow; if untreated, tissue may become ulcerated.
화재위험
Diethylzinc ignites spontaneously in air,
burning with a blue flame. Reactions with
water and lower alcohols can be violent.Violent reactions can occur with halogens,
halogenated hydrocarbons, nitroorganics,
oxidizers, sulfur dioxide, and chlorides of
phosphorus, arsenic, and antimony. With the
latter compounds, diethylzinc forms pyrophoric
triethylphosphine, triethyl arsine, and
triethylstibine, respectively.
Safety Profile
Presumed to be a
poison. Ignites spontaneously in air.
Dangerously flammable by spontaneous
chemical reaction in air, or with oxidzing
materials. A dangerous explosion hazard Explosive reaction with alkenes +
diodomethane, sulfur dioxide. Reacts
violently with bromine, water, nitro
compounds. Igmtes on contact with air,
ozone, methanol, or hydrazine. Reacts
violently with nonmetal halides (e.g., arsenic
trichloride or phosphorus trichloride) to
produce pyrophoric triethyl arsine or
triethyl phosphine. To fight fire, do not use
water, foam, or halogenated extinguishing
agents. Use dry materials, such as graphite,
sand, etc. When heated to decomposition it
emits toxic fumes of ZnO. See also ZINC
COMPOUNDS.
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