아세트알데히드

아세트알데히드 속성

아세트알데히드 MSDS

Ethanal

아세트알데히드 C화학적 특성, 용도, 생산

화학적 성질

Acetaldehyde is a highly flammable, volatile, colorless liquid. It has a characteristic pungent and suffocating odor, and is miscible in water. Acetaldehyde is ubiquitous in the ambient environment. It is an intermediate product of higher plant respiration and formed as a product of incomplete wood combustion in fi replaces and woodstoves, burning of tobacco, vehicle exhaust fumes, coal refi ning, and waste processing. Exposures to acetaldehyde occur during the production of acetic acid and various other industrial chemical substances. For instance, the manufacture of drugs, dyes, explosives, disinfectants, pheno- lic and urea resins, rubber accelerators, and varnish.

물리적 성질

Colorless, mobile, fuming, volatile liquid or gas with a penetrating, pungent odor; fruity odor when diluted. Odor threshold concentrations ranged from 1.5 ppb_v (Nagata and Takeuchi, 1990) to 0.21 ppm_v (Leonardos et al., 1969). Katz and Talbert (1930) reported an experimental detection odor threshold concentration of 120 μg/m³ (67 ppb_v). At low concentrations, acetaldehyde imparts a pleasant, fruity, green apple or leafy green-like flavor (van Aardt et al., 2001). Twenty-five panelists were randomly selected for testing milk products and water for determining flavor thresholds. Flavor threshold concentrations determined by a geometric approach were 3,939 ppb for nonfat milk (0.5% milk fat), 4,020 ppb for low-fat milk (2% milk fat), 4,040 ppb for whole milk, 10,048 ppb for chocolate milk, and 167 ppb for spring water (van Aardt et al., 2001).

출처

Reported.found.in.oak.and.tobacco.leaves;.in.the.fruital.aromas.of.pear,.apple,.raspberry,.strawberry.and.pineapple;.in.the.distillation.waters.of.Monarda punctata, orris,.cumin,.chenopodium;.in.the.essential.oils.of.Litsea cubeba, Magnolia grandiflora, Artemisia brevifolia, rosemary,.balm,.clary.sage,.Mentha arvensis, daffodil,.bitter.orange,.camphor,.angelica,.fennel,. mustard,.Scotch.blended.whiskey,.Japanese.whiskey,.rose.wine,.blackberry.brandy.and.rum.

용도

Acetaldehyde is used as a general solvent in organic and polymer chemical reactions. It also plays a role in fruit and food quality, ripening and deterioration.manufacture of paraldehyde, acetic acid, butanol, perfumes, flavors, aniline dyes, plastics, synthetic rubber; silvering mirrors, hardening gelatin fibers. Flavoring agent in foods and beverages. Fumigant for storage of apples and strawberries.

생산 방법

The main production method is the Hoeschst–Wacker twostage process, in which acetaldehyde is generated by oxidizing ethylene with aqueous palladium chloride over a copper catalyst. Some acetaldehyde is also produced by oxidation of ethanol.

정의

ChEBI: Acetaldehyde is the aldehyde formed from acetic acid by reduction of the carboxy group. It is the most abundant carcinogen in tobacco smoke. It has a role as a human metabolite, an EC 3.5.1.4 (amidase) inhibitor, a carcinogenic agent, a mutagen, a teratogenic agent, an oxidising agent, an electron acceptor, a Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite, an Escherichia coli metabolite and a mouse metabolite.

일반 설명

Acetaldehyde appears as a clear colorless liquid with a pungent choking odor. Flash point -36 °F. Boiling point 69 °F. Density 6.5 lb / gal. Vapors are heaver than air and irritate the mucous membranes and especially the eyes. Used to make other chemicals.

공기와 물의 반응

Highly flammable. Easily oxidized by air to form unstable peroxides which may explode. Forms explosive mixture with air above 100°C (30-60% of the vapor in air) owing to formation of peroxyacetic acid [White, A. G. et al., J. Soc. Chem. Ind., 1950, 69, p. 206]. Soluble in water.

반응 프로필

Acetaldehyde undergoes a vigorously exothermic condensation reaction in contact with strong acids, bases or traces of metals. Can react vigorously with oxidizing reagents such as dinitrogen pentaoxide, hydrogen peroxide, oxygen, silver nitrate, etc. Contamination often leads either to reaction with the contaminant or polymerization, both with the evolution of heat. Can react violently with acid anhydrides, alcohols, ketones, phenols, ammonia, hydrogen cyanide, hydrogen sulfide, halogens, phosphorus, isocyanates, concentrated sulfuric acid, and aliphatic amines. Reactions with cobalt chloride, mercury(II) chlorate or perchlorate form sensitive, explosive products [Sax, 9th ed., 1996, p. 5]. An oxygenation reaction of Acetaldehyde in the presence of cobalt acetate at -20°C exploded violently when stirred. The event was ascribed to peroxyacetate formation [Phillips B. et al., J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1957, 79, p. 5982].

건강위험

The acute toxicity of acetaldehyde is low by inhalation and moderate by ingestion. Exposure to acetaldehyde by inhalation is irritating to the respiratory tract and mucous membranes; this substance is a narcotic and can cause central nervous system depression. Ingestion of acetaldehyde may cause severe irritation of the digestive tract leading to nausea, vomiting, headache, and liver damage. Acetaldehyde causes irritation and burning upon skin contact and is a severe eye irritant.br Acetaldehyde has caused nasal tumors in rats exposed by inhalation and is listed by IARC in Group 2B ("possible human carcinogen"). It is not classified as a "select carcinogen" according to the criteria of the OSHA Laboratory Standard. Acetaldehyde is mutagenic and has been shown to be a reproductive toxin in animals. Acetaldehyde is formed by metabolism of ethanol, and chronic exposure can produce symptoms similar to alcoholism.

화재위험

Acetaldehyde is a dangerous fire hazard (NFPA rating = 4) owing to its volatility and low autoignition temperature. Its vapor is explosive in the concentration range 4 to 66% in air and may be ignited by hot surfaces such as hot plates or light bulbs, or by static electricity discharges. The vapor is heavier than air and may travel a considerable distance to an ignition source and "flash back." Carbon dioxide or dry chemical extinguishers should be used to fight acetaldehyde fires.

인화성 및 폭발성

Acetaldehyde is a dangerous fire hazard (NFPA rating = 4) owing to its volatility and low autoignition temperature. Its vapor is explosive in the concentration range 4 to 66% in air and may be ignited by hot surfaces such as hot plates or light bulbs, or by static electricity discharges. The vapor is heavier than air and may travel a considerable distance to an ignition source and "flash back." Carbon dioxide or dry chemical extinguishers should be used to fight acetaldehyde fires.

색상 색인 번호

Acetaldehyde, as its metabolite, is responsible for many of the effects of ethanol, such as hepatic or neurological toxicity. A case of contact allergy was reported in the textile industry, where dimethoxane was used as a biocide agent in textiles, and its degradation led to acetaldehyde

Safety Profile

Confirmed carcinogen with experimental carcinogenic and tumorigenic data. Poison by intratracheal and intravenous routes. A human systemic irritant by inhalation. An experimental routes. A human systemic irritant by inhalation. An experimental teratogen. Other experimental reproductive effects. A skin and severe eye irritant. A narcotic. Human mutation data reported. A common air contaminant. Highly flammable liquid. Mixtures of 30-60% of the vapor in air ignite above 100℃. It can react violently with acid anhydrides, alcohols, ketones, phenols, NH3, HCN, H2S, halogens, P, isocyanates, strong alkalies, and amines. Reactions with cobalt chloride, mercury(Ⅱ) chlorate, or mercury(Ⅱ) perchlorate form violently in the presence of traces of metals or acids. Reaction with oxygen may lead to detonation. When heated to decomposition it emits acrid smoke and fumes.

잠재적 노출

Acetaldehyde is used as a chemical intermediate and can be found in many processed foods; in crafts, arts, automotive, and home improvement products

Carcinogenicity

Acetaldehyde is reasonably anticipated to be a human carcinogenbased on sufficient evidence of carcinogenicity from studies in experimental animals.

환경귀착

Biological. Heukelekian and Rand (1955) reported a 5-d BOD value of 1.27 g/g that is 69.8% of the ThOD value of 1.82 g/g.
Photolytic. Photooxidation of acetaldehyde in nitrogen oxide-free air using radiation between 2900 to 3500 ? yielded hydrogen peroxide, alkyl hydroperoxides, carbon monoxide, and lower molecular weight aldehydes. In the presence of nitrogen oxides, photooxidation products include ozone, hydrogen peroxide, and peroxyacyl nitrates (Kopczynski et al., 1974). Anticipated products from the reaction of acetaldehyde with ozone or OH radicals in the atmosphere are formaldehyde and carbon dioxide (Cupitt, 1980). Reacts with nitrogen dioxide forming peroxyacyl nitrates, formaldehyde, and methyl nitrate (Altshuller, 1983). Irradiation in the presence of chlorine yielded peroxyacetic acid, carbon monoxide, and carbon dioxide (acetaldehyde into formic acid, methyl nitrate, and peroxyacetal nitrate (Cox et al., 1980).
Chemical/Physical. Oxidation in air yields acetic acid (Windholz et al., 1983). In the presence of sulfuric, hydrochloric, or phosphoric acids, polymerizes explosively forming trimeric paraldehyde (Huntress and Mulliken, 1941; Patnaik, 1992). In an aqueous solution at 25 °C, acetaldehyde is partially hydrated, i.e., 0.60 expressed as a mole fraction, forming a gem-diol (Bell and McDougall, 1960). Acetaldehyde decomposes at temperatures greater than 400 °C, forming carbon monoxide and methane (Patnaik, 1992).

저장

Acetaldehyde should be used only in areas free of ignition sources, and quantities greater than 1 liter should be stored in tightly sealed metal containers in areas separate from oxidizers. Acetaldehyde should always be stored under an inert atmosphere of nitrogen or argon to prevent autoxidation.

운송 방법

UN1088 Acetaldehyde, Hazard Class: 3; Labels: 3-Flammable liquid.

Purification Methods

Acetaldehyde is usually purified by fractional distillation in a glass helices-packed column under dry N2, discarding the first portion of distillate. Or, it is shaken for 30minutes with NaHCO3, dried with CaSO4 and fractionally distilled at 760mm through a 70cm Vigreux column (p 11). The middle fraction is collected and further purified by standing for 2hours at 0o with a small amount of hydroquinone (free radical inhibitor), followed by distillation [Longfield & Walters J Am Chem Soc 77 810 1955]. [Beilstein 1 IV 3094.]

비 호환성

Reacts with air to form unstable peroxides which can explode. Contact with air causes acetaldehyde to chemically degrade to acetic acid. Strong oxidizers, acids, bases, alcohols, ammonia, amines, halogens, phenols, acid anhydrides, ketones, hydrogen cyanide, hydrogen sulfide. May dissolve rubber. Slightly corrosive to mild steel. May explode without warning when exposed to heat, dust, corrosives, or oxidizers.

폐기물 처리

Consult with environmental regulatory agencies for guidance on acceptable disposal practices. Generators of waste containing this contaminant (≥100 kg/mo) must conform with EPA regulations governing storage, transportation, treatment, and waste disposal. Incineration.

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아세트알데히드 공급 업체

공급자	전화	이메일	국가	제품 수	이점
Shanghai Bojing Chemical Co.,Ltd.	+86-86-02137122233 +8613795318958	bj1@bj-chem.com	China	298	55
ZHEJIANG JIUZHOU CHEM CO., LTD	+86-0576225566889 +86-13454675544	admin@jiuzhou-chem.com；jamie@jiuzhou-chem.com；alice@jiuzhou-chem.com	China	20000	58
Hebei Mojin Biotechnology Co., Ltd	+8613288715578	sales@hbmojin.com	China	12453	58
Henan Fengda Chemical Co., Ltd	+86-371-86557731 +86-13613820652	info@fdachem.com	China	7377	58
Henan Tianfu Chemical Co.,Ltd.	+86-0371-55170693 +86-19937530512	info@tianfuchem.com	China	21695	55
career henan chemical co	+86-0371-86658258	sales@coreychem.com	China	29914	58
Wuhan Boyuan Import & Export Co., LTD	+8615175982296	Mike@whby-chem.com	China	974	58
Hubei Jusheng Technology Co.,Ltd.	18871490254	linda@hubeijusheng.com	CHINA	28180	58
Hebei Guanlang Biotechnology Co., Ltd.	+86-19930503282	alice@crovellbio.com	China	8822	58
Cangzhou Wanyou New Material Technology Co.,Ltd	18631714998	sales@czwytech.com	CHINA	906	58

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