Use
Confirmed carcinogen
with experimental carcinogenic,
neoplastigenic, and tumorigenic data. A
transplacental carcinogen. Moderately toxic
by ingestion, intraperitoneal, subcutaneous,
intramuscular, parenteral, and intravenous
routes. An experimental teratogen.
Experimental reproductive effects. Human
mutation data reported. Causes depression
of bone marrow and occasionally focal
degeneration in the brain. Can also produce
central nervous system depression, nausea
and vomiting. Has been found in over 1000
beverages sold in the United States. The
most heavily contaminated liquors are
bourbons, sherries, and fruit brandies (some had 1000 to 12,000 ppb urethane). Many
whiskeys, table and dessert wines, brandies,
and liqueurs contain potentially hazardous
amounts of urethane. The allowable limit for
urethane in alcoholic beverages is 125 ppb.
It is formed as a side product during
processing.Hot aqueous acids or alkalies decompose
urethane to ethanol, carbon dioxide, and
ammonia. Reacts with phosphorus
pentachloride to form an explosive product.
When heated it emits toxic fumes of NOx.
Used as an intermedate in the manufacture
of pharmaceuticals, pesticides, and
fungicides. See also CARBAMATES.