LRP1B (Low-Density Lipoprotein Receptor-Related Protein 1B) is a member of the LDL receptor family, primarily known for its role as a putative tumor suppressor. The *LRP1B* gene, located on chromosome 2q21.2. is frequently subject to genomic deletions or epigenetic silencing in various cancers, including lung, breast, and gastric cancers. The encoded protein shares structural homology with LRP1. featuring ligand-binding domains, epidermal growth factor (EGF) repeats, and transmembrane regions. LRP1B is implicated in cellular processes such as endocytosis, signal transduction, and modulation of pathways like Wnt/β-catenin and STAT3. which are critical in tumorigenesis and metastasis.
Antibodies targeting LRP1B are essential tools for studying its expression, localization, and functional mechanisms. They are widely used in techniques like immunohistochemistry, Western blotting, and immunofluorescence to assess LRP1B protein levels in tissues or cell lines, often revealing downregulation in malignancies. Such antibodies also aid in exploring LRP1B’s interaction partners and its role in cancer suppression, such as inhibiting cell proliferation or invasion. Clinically, LRP1B antibodies have potential diagnostic and prognostic applications, as reduced LRP1B expression correlates with advanced tumor stages and poor patient outcomes. However, challenges remain in standardizing antibodies due to LRP1B’s large size and post-translational modifications. Ongoing research focuses on validating these antibodies for therapeutic targeting or as biomarkers in precision oncology.