GRAMD2A (GRAM Domain Containing 2A) is a protein encoded by the GRAMD2A gene, belonging to the GRAMD family known for their roles in lipid metabolism and membrane-associated processes. This protein contains a GRAM domain, which is implicated in membrane binding and lipid sensing, and a transmembrane domain, suggesting its involvement in intracellular cholesterol transport and homeostasis. GRAMD2A is thought to interact with other lipid regulators, such as STARD3/GRAMD1A, to facilitate non-vesicular cholesterol movement within cells, particularly between the endoplasmic reticulum and plasma membrane.
Antibodies targeting GRAMD2A are essential tools for studying its expression, localization, and function in cellular cholesterol dynamics. These antibodies are typically developed in hosts like rabbits or mice using immunogenic peptides derived from specific regions of the GRAMD2A protein (e.g., C-terminal or N-terminal epitopes). They are validated for applications such as Western blotting, immunofluorescence, and immunoprecipitation, often with verification via knockout (KO) controls to ensure specificity.
Research utilizing GRAMD2A antibodies has linked the protein to pathologies like cancer, neurodegenerative diseases, and atherosclerosis, where cholesterol dysregulation plays a critical role. Commercial suppliers, including companies like Abcam and Novus Biologicals, provide these antibodies, often accompanied by validation data. Ongoing studies aim to clarify GRAMD2A's precise mechanisms, highlighting its potential as a therapeutic target in lipid-related disorders.