IL-36β (Interleukin-36 beta), a member of the IL-1 cytokine family, plays a key role in inflammatory and immune responses. It binds to the IL-36 receptor (IL-36R) and activates downstream signaling pathways, including NF-κB and MAPK, promoting the release of pro-inflammatory mediators. Dysregulated IL-36β signaling is implicated in inflammatory skin disorders (e.g., psoriasis), autoimmune diseases, and chronic inflammatory conditions.
IL-36β antibodies are therapeutic or research tools designed to neutralize IL-36β activity. By blocking its interaction with IL-36R, these antibodies aim to suppress excessive inflammation. In psoriasis, IL-36β overexpression correlates with disease severity, making it a promising therapeutic target. Preclinical studies show that anti-IL-36β antibodies reduce skin inflammation and cytokine production in animal models.
Currently, several monoclonal antibodies targeting IL-36 pathways are under clinical investigation, though most focus on the broader IL-36 family or its receptor. IL-36β-specific antibodies remain in earlier stages of development, with challenges including optimizing specificity and minimizing off-target effects. Their potential extends beyond dermatology to conditions like rheumatoid arthritis and inflammatory bowel disease. As research advances, IL-36β antibodies could offer tailored therapies for diseases driven by IL-36β dysregulation.