ANTXR1 (Anthrax Toxin Receptor 1), also known as Tumor Endothelial Marker 8 (TEM8), is a transmembrane protein initially identified for its role in binding anthrax toxin. It belongs to the integrin-like receptor family and interacts with the protective antigen (PA) component of anthrax toxin, facilitating toxin internalization. Beyond its link to anthrax infection, ANTXR1 is involved in physiological processes like extracellular matrix interaction, cell adhesion, and angiogenesis. Its expression is upregulated in certain cancers, contributing to tumor progression, metastasis, and vascular remodeling, making it a potential therapeutic target.
ANTXR1 antibodies are tools designed to detect or inhibit this receptor. These antibodies, often monoclonal or polyclonal, are used in research to study ANTXR1's expression, localization, and function in normal and pathological tissues. They are applied in techniques like Western blotting, immunohistochemistry (IHC), and flow cytometry. In therapeutic contexts, anti-ANTXR1 antibodies may block anthrax toxin entry or disrupt cancer-related signaling. Recent studies explore their utility in targeting tumor vasculature or delivering conjugated drugs. However, challenges remain in optimizing specificity and minimizing off-target effects. ANTXR1 antibodies thus serve as critical reagents in both mechanistic studies and translational applications, bridging infectious disease research and oncology.