CSH1 (Chorionic Somatomammotropin Hormone 1), also known as human placental lactogen (hPL), is a peptide hormone primarily produced by the syncytiotrophoblast cells of the placenta during pregnancy. It plays a critical role in regulating maternal metabolism, fetal growth, and mammary gland development by modulating insulin sensitivity, lipolysis, and nutrient partitioning. Structurally, CSH1 belongs to the growth hormone/prolactin family and shares functional overlaps with these hormones.
Antibodies targeting CSH1 are essential tools in reproductive biology and clinical research. They are widely used to detect and quantify CSH1 expression in placental tissues, serum, or cell cultures via techniques like immunohistochemistry (IHC), Western blot (WB), and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). These antibodies aid in studying placental function, pregnancy-associated pathologies (e.g., gestational diabetes, preeclampsia), and fetal growth disorders. Monoclonal and polyclonal CSH1 antibodies are available, often raised in rabbits or mice against specific epitopes, such as the C-terminal or N-terminal regions of the protein.
Additionally, CSH1 antibodies have diagnostic potential, as altered CSH1 levels correlate with pregnancy complications. Commercial CSH1 antibodies are typically validated for specificity and sensitivity, ensuring reliability in both research and clinical settings. Their application extends to understanding CSH1's role in lactation and its interplay with other hormones, such as prolactin and growth hormone, in maternal-fetal physiology.