Apolipoprotein A-II (ApoA-II) is a major component of high-density lipoprotein (HDL), playing a critical role in lipid metabolism and HDL structure stabilization. It constitutes approximately 20% of HDL protein content and interacts with apolipoprotein A-I (ApoA-I) to modulate HDL’s function in reverse cholesterol transport. ApoA-II also exhibits anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, influencing cardiovascular health, diabetes, and neurodegenerative diseases.
Antibodies targeting ApoA-II are essential tools in research and diagnostics. They enable the quantification of ApoA-II levels in biological samples (e.g., serum, plasma) via techniques like ELISA, Western blotting, or immunohistochemistry. These antibodies help investigate ApoA-II’s role in metabolic disorders, such as dyslipidemia, atherosclerosis, and amyloidosis, where altered ApoA-II expression or mutations are implicated.
Additionally, ApoA-II antibodies are used to study HDL subclasses and their functional heterogeneity. Some isoforms or post-translationally modified forms of ApoA-II (e.g., glycated or oxidized variants) are linked to pathological conditions, making specific antibodies valuable for identifying disease-associated biomarkers. Commercial ApoA-II antibodies are typically raised in hosts like rabbits or mice, with validation for cross-reactivity and specificity across species.
Overall, ApoA-II antibodies advance our understanding of lipoprotein biology and their clinical relevance, aiding in the development of therapeutic strategies targeting HDL metabolism and associated diseases.