The TAPP1 (Tandem PH domain-containing Protein 1) antibody is a tool used to detect and study the TAPP1 protein, which plays a role in phosphoinositide-mediated signaling pathways. TAPP1 contains two pleckstrin homology (PH) domains, with the C-terminal PH domain specifically binding to phosphatidylinositol (3.4)-bisphosphate [PtdIns(3.4)P₂], a lipid secondary messenger involved in membrane trafficking, cell survival, and immune regulation. This interaction localizes TAPP1 to membranes, enabling its regulatory functions. TAPP1 is implicated in modulating pathways downstream of PI3K (phosphoinositide 3-kinase) and Akt, influencing processes like apoptosis, cell proliferation, and immune cell activation. It also interacts with proteins such as PKD1 and PDK1. suggesting roles in stress responses and kinase signaling.
TAPP1 antibodies are critical for investigating its expression, localization, and function in various tissues and disease contexts. They are widely used in techniques like Western blotting, immunofluorescence, and immunoprecipitation. Research highlights TAPP1's involvement in cancer, neurodegenerative disorders, and autoimmune diseases, with altered expression observed in tumors and inflammatory conditions. Validated antibodies help elucidate its dual role as a tumor suppressor or promoter, depending on cellular context. Development of TAPP1 antibodies often includes validation via knockout controls to ensure specificity, aiding precise mechanistic studies in both basic and translational research.