The Phospho-PKC delta (Ser299) antibody is a specialized tool used to detect the activated form of Protein Kinase C delta (PKCδ), a member of the serine/threonine kinase family. PKCδ plays critical roles in cellular processes such as apoptosis, proliferation, and differentiation, and its activity is tightly regulated by phosphorylation. The Ser299 phosphorylation site, located within the catalytic domain of PKCδ, is associated with kinase activation and downstream signaling. This phosphorylation event may occur in response to stimuli like oxidative stress, growth factors, or DNA damage, often mediated by autophosphorylation or upstream kinases.
Researchers utilize this antibody to study PKCδ activation in various contexts, including cancer, cardiovascular diseases, and neurodegenerative disorders. For example, hyperactivation of PKCδ has been linked to apoptotic pathways in neuronal cells and chemotherapy resistance in tumors. The antibody is validated for techniques such as Western blotting, immunoprecipitation, and immunofluorescence, enabling precise detection of phosphorylated PKCδ in cell lysates or tissue samples. Specificity is ensured by its design to recognize the phosphorylated Ser299 epitope without cross-reacting with other PKC isoforms. Studies using this antibody have contributed to understanding PKCδ's dual roles as a pro-survival or pro-apoptotic mediator, depending on cellular context and post-translational modifications. Proper controls, including unphosphorylated PKCδ samples, are recommended to confirm signal specificity.