iNOS 重组兔单克隆抗体 (S-2493-61)-S0B6273

Inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) is a ~131 kDa homodimeric flavo-hemoprotein that, upon transcriptional up-regulation by cytokines such as IFN-γ, TNF-α and LPS via NF-κB and STAT pathways, catalyzes the NADPH- and O₂-dependent five-electron oxidation of L-arginine to generate large, sustained fluxes of nitric oxide (NO) and citrulline; this Ca²⁺-independent, calmodulin-bound enzyme localizes in cytosol and peroxisomes of macrophages, hepatocytes, chondrocytes and many other cell types, where the produced NO acts as a microbicidal, tumoricidal and immunomodulatory radical that can react with superoxide to form peroxynitrite, leading to protein tyrosine nitration, lipid peroxidation and DNA damage, thereby contributing to antimicrobial defense, vasodilatory shock in sepsis, inflammatory arthritis, neurotoxicity and carcinogenesis, while its expression is tightly controlled by transcriptional, post-transcriptional (mRNA stability, microRNAs) and post-translational (ubiquitin-proteasomal degradation, phosphorylation) mechanisms to balance beneficial and cytotoxic NO levels.