盐酸土霉素
盐酸土霉素 性质
| 熔点 | 180°C |
|---|---|
| 比旋光度 | -188～-200°(D/20℃)(c=1,0.1mol/l HCl) (calculated on the dried basis) |
| 储存条件 | 0-6°C |
| 溶解度 | 易溶于水，微溶于乙醇(96%)。由于土霉素发生沉淀，水溶液在静置时变浑浊。 |
| 形态 | 结晶 |
| 颜色 | 粘黄色 |
| PH值 | 2.0～3.0 (10g/l, 25℃) |
| 水溶解性 | >100 g/L |
| 敏感性 | Light Sensitive |
| 最大波长(λmax) | 360nm(H2O)(lit.) |
| Merck | 14,6976 |
| BRN | 3853107 |
| 稳定性 | 吸湿性 |
| CAS 数据库 | 2058-46-0(CAS DataBase Reference) |
| EPA化学物质信息 | Oxytetracycline hydrochloride (2058-46-0) |
人口服后约可吸收口服量的30%～58%，单剂口服本品1g后，血药峰浓度(Cmax)为3.9mg/L, 6小时尚有2.1mg/L，进食后土霉素的吸收比空腹服用时约降低一半。本品吸收后广泛分布于肝、肾、肺等组织和体液，易渗入胸水、腹水，不易透过血-脊液脑屏障。本品表观分布容积(Vd)为0.9～1.9L/kg，蛋白结合率为20%～35%，肾功能正常者血消除半衰期(t1/2?)为6～10小时，无尿患者可达47～66小时。盐酸土霉素主要自肾小球滤过排出，给药后24小时内排出给药量的70%，其不吸收部分以原形药随粪便排泄。血液透析约可清除给药量的10%～15%。盐酸土霉素可溶性粉主治：1、由链球菌、巴氏杆菌、丹毒杆菌、肺炎球菌等引起的链球菌病、猪肺疫、萎缩性鼻炎、水肿病、母畜产后感染及各种呼吸道感染。
2、由原虫引起的畜禽血虫病（附红细胞体感染）、弓形体病、牛羊鞭虫病、 猪旋毛虫病等。
3、由支原体引起的猪气喘病（支原体肺炎）、禽霉形体肺炎（慢性呼吸道病）等。
4、用于水产的败血症、肠炎、烂尾烂鳃病、白头白嘴病、郑州弧菌病、鳗赤鳍病等。Oxytetracycline hydrochloride 是一种属于四环素类的抗生素。Oxytetracycline hydrochloride 强力抑制革兰氏阴性和革兰氏阳性细菌。Oxytetracycline hydrochloride 是一种蛋白质合成抑制剂，可阻止 aminoacil-tRNA 与复杂的核糖体 RNA 结合。Oxytetracycline hydrochloride 还具有抗 HSV-1 的活性。
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HSV-1
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Bacterial
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Human Endogenous Metabolite
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Oxytetracycline is an important member of the bacterial aromatic polyketide family, which is a structurally diverse class of natural products. Oxytetracycline is synthesized by a type II polyketide synthase that generates the poly-beta-ketone backbone through successive decarboxylative condensation of malonyl-CoA extender units, followed by modifications by cyclases, oxygenases, transferases, and additional tailoring enzymes.
The effects of administration a therapeutic dose of Oxytetracycline (82.8 mg/kg of bw to 1 % bw/day) for 10 days are species specific. Oxytetracycline increases the relative liver weight in
Morone chrysops x M. saxatilis
, the enzymatic activity of CYP3A4 in Ictalurus punctatus, protein expression of CYP3A4 in Oreochromis niloticus and depleted the hepatic CYP3A4 in the latter.
For Oxytetracycline, the limits are 100 μg/kg in muscle and milk, 200 μg/kg in egg, 300 μg/kg in liver and 600 μg/kg in kidney. Oxytetracycline (OTC) is administered to fish as medicated feed at concentrations ranging from 35 to 75 mg a.i kg-1 biomass day-1 for 7-14 days.
安全信息
| 危险品标志 | Xn,Xi |
|---|---|
| 危险类别码 | 63 |
| 安全说明 | 45-53-36/37/39 |
| WGK Germany | 2 |
| RTECS号 | QI8225000 |
| F | 8-10-23 |
| TSCA | Yes |
| 海关编码 | 29413000 |
| 毒性 | LD50 oral in mouse: 6696mg/kg |
| 提供商 | 语言 |
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英文
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英文
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