6-Methyl-1,2,3-oxathiazin-4(3H)-on-2,2-dioxid, Kaliumsalz Chemische Eigenschaften,Einsatz,Produktion Methoden
R-Sätze Betriebsanweisung:
R36/37/38:Reizt die Augen, die Atmungsorgane und die Haut.
S-Sätze Betriebsanweisung:
S26:Bei Berührung mit den Augen sofort gründlich mit Wasser abspülen und Arzt konsultieren.
S36/37/39:Bei der Arbeit geeignete Schutzkleidung,Schutzhandschuhe und Schutzbrille/Gesichtsschutz tragen.
Chemische Eigenschaften
Acesulfame potassium occurs as a colorless to white-colored,
odorless, crystalline powder with an intensely sweet taste.
History
Acesulfame-K, the potassium salt of acesulfame, is a sweetener that resembles saccharin in structure and taste profile. 5,6-Dimethyl-1,2,3-oxathiazine-4(3H)-one 2,2-dioxide, the first of many sweet compounds belonging to the dihydrooxathiazinone dioxide class, was discovered accidentally in 1967. From these many sweet compounds, acesulfame was chosen for commercialization. To improve water solubility, the potassium salt was made. Acesulfame-K (Sunett) was approved for dry product use in the United States in 1988 and in Canada in October, 1994. In 2003, acesulfame-K was approved as a general purposes sweetener by the FDA.
Verwenden
'New generation', heat-stable sweetener that has not been suspected to cause cancer nor be genotoxic. Allelic variation of the Tas1r3 gene affects behavioral taste responses to this molecule, suggesting that it is a T1R3 receptor ligand.
Vorbereitung Methode
Acesulfame potassium is synthesized from acetoacetic acid tertbutyl
ester and fluorosulfonyl isocyanate. The resulting compound
is transformed to fluorosulfonyl acetoacetic acid amide, which is
then cyclized in the presence of potassium hydroxide to form the
oxathiazinone dioxide ring system. Because of the strong acidity of
this compound, the potassium salt is produced directly.
An alternative synthesis route for acesulfame potassium starts
with the reaction between diketene and amidosulfonic acid. In the
presence of dehydrating agents, and after neutralization with
potassium hydroxide, acesulfame potassium is formed.
Trademarks
Sunett? and Sweet One?
Pharmazeutische Anwendungen
Acesulfame potassium is used as an intense sweetening agent in
cosmetics, foods, beverage products, table-top sweeteners, vitamin
and pharmaceutical preparations, including powder mixes, tablets,
and liquid products. It is widely used as a sugar substitute in
compounded formulations,and as a toothpaste sweetener.
The approximate sweetening power is 180–200 times that of
sucrose, similar to aspartame, about one-third as sweet as sucralose,
one-half as sweet as sodium saccharin, and about 4-5 times sweeter
than sodium cyclamate.It enhances flavor systems and can be
used to mask some unpleasant taste characteristics.
Sicherheitsprofil
When heated to decompositionemits toxic fumes of SOx.
Sicherheit(Safety)
Acesulfame potassium is widely used in beverages, cosmetics, foods,
and pharmaceutical formulations, and is generally regarded as a
relatively nontoxic and nonirritant material. Pharmacokinetic
studies have shown that acesulfame potassium is not metabolized
and is rapidly excreted unchanged in the urine. Long-term feeding
studies in rats and dogs showed no evidence to suggest acesulfame
potassium is mutagenic or carcinogenic.
The WHO has set an acceptable daily intake for acesulfame
potassium of up to 15 mg/kg body-weight.The Scientific
Committee for Foods of the European Union has set a daily intake
value of up to 9 mg/kg of body-weight.
LD
50 (rat, IP): 2.2 g/kg
LD
50 (rat, oral): 6.9–8.0 g/kg
Lager
Acesulfame potassium possesses good stability. In the bulk form it
shows no sign of decomposition at ambient temperature over many
years. In aqueous solutions (pH 3.0–3.5 at 208℃) no reduction in
sweetness was observed over a period of approximately 2 years.
Stability at elevated temperatures is good, although some decomposition
was noted following storage at 408℃ for several months.
Sterilization and pasteurization do not affect the taste of acesulfame
potassium.
The bulk material should be stored in a well-closed container in a
cool, dry place and protected from light.
Regulatory Status
Included in the FDA Inactive Ingredients Database for oral and
sublingual preparations. Included in the Canadian List of Acceptable
Non-medicinal Ingredients. Accepted for use in Europe as a
food additive. It is also accepted for use in certain food products in
the USA and several countries in Central and South America, the
Middle East, Africa, Asia, and Australia.
6-Methyl-1,2,3-oxathiazin-4(3H)-on-2,2-dioxid, Kaliumsalz Upstream-Materialien And Downstream Produkte
Upstream-Materialien
Downstream Produkte
