Aluminiumorthophosphat Chemische Eigenschaften,Einsatz,Produktion Methoden
ERSCHEINUNGSBILD
WEISSES KRISTALLINES PULVER.
CHEMISCHE GEFAHREN
Zersetzung beim Erhitzen auf hohe Temperaturen unter Bildung giftiger Rauche mit Phosphoroxiden. Reagiert sehr heftig mit starken Säuren und starken Basen.
ARBEITSPLATZGRENZWERTE
TLV nicht festgelegt (ACGIH 2005).
MAK nicht festgelegt (DFG 2005).
INHALATIONSGEFAHREN
Eine belästigende Partikelkonzentration in der Luft kann beim Dispergieren schnell erreicht werden, besonders als Pulver.
WIRKUNGEN BEI KURZZEITEXPOSITION
WIRKUNGEN BEI KURZZEITEXPOSITION: Reizt möglicherweise mechanisch.
LECKAGE
Persönliche Schutzausrüstung: Atemschutzgerät, P1-Filter für inerte Partikel. Verschüttetes Material in abgedeckten Behältern sammeln.
R-Sätze Betriebsanweisung:
R34:Verursacht Verätzungen.
S-Sätze Betriebsanweisung:
S26:Bei Berührung mit den Augen sofort gründlich mit Wasser abspülen und Arzt konsultieren.
S36/37/39:Bei der Arbeit geeignete Schutzkleidung,Schutzhandschuhe und Schutzbrille/Gesichtsschutz tragen.
S45:Bei Unfall oder Unwohlsein sofort Arzt zuziehen (wenn möglich, dieses Etikett vorzeigen).
Beschreibung
Aluminium phosphate occurs in nature as the mineral, berlinite. Also, it occurs in nature in minerals, amblygonite, [NaAl(PO4)(OH)]; augelite, [Al2(PO4)(OH)3]; lazulite, [(Mg,Fe)Al2(PO4)2(OH)2]; variscite [(Al,Fe3+)(PO4)•2H2O]; and wavellite, [Al3(OH)3•(PO4)2•5H2O]. It is used as flux for ceramics; as cement in combination with calcium sulfate and sodium silicate; and in the manufacture of special glasses. It is also used in dried gel and therapeutically as an antacid.
Physikalische Eigenschaften
White powdery solid (rhombic plate); the mineral berlinite (AlPO
4) has hexagonal quartz-like structure; refractive index 1.546; mp > 1,500°C; density 2.566 g/cu
3; insoluble in water and alcohol; Ksp 9.83x10
-10 very slightly soluble in HCl or HNO3.
Occurrence
The compound occurs in nature as the mineral, berlinite. Also, it occurs in nature in minerals, amblygonite, [NaA
l(PO
4)(OH)]; augelite, [Al
2(PO
4)(OH)
3]; lazulite, [(Mg,Fe)Al
2(PO
4)
2(OH)
2]; variscite [(Al,Fe
3+)(PO
4)?
2H
2O]; and wavellite, [Al
3(OH)
3?(PO4)
2?5H
2O]. It is used as flux for ceramics; as cement in combination with calcium sulfate and sodium silicate; and in the manufacture of special glasses. It is also used in dried gel and therapeutically as an antacid.
Verwenden
Antacid; vaccine adjuvant
synthetische
It is prepared by treating sodium aluminate with phosphoric acid.
Vorbereitung Methode
Aluminum phosphate adjuvant is formed by the reaction of a
solution of aluminum chloride and phosphoric acid with alkali
hydroxide.
Allgemeine Beschreibung
A colorless liquid. Insoluble in water. Corrosive to metals and tissue.
Air & Water Reaktionen
Insoluble in water.
Reaktivität anzeigen
An acid. The resulting aqueous solutions contain moderate concentrations of hydrogen ions and have pH's of less than 7.0. They react as acids to neutralize bases. These neutralizations generate heat, but less or far less than is generated by neutralization of inorganic acids, inorganic oxoacids, and carboxylic acid. They usually do not react as either oxidizing agents or reducing agents but such behavior is not impossible. Many of these compounds catalyze organic reactions.
Hazard
Solutions are corrosive to tissue.
Health Hazard
TOXIC; inhalation, ingestion or skin contact with material may cause severe injury or death. Contact with molten substance may cause severe burns to skin and eyes. Avoid any skin contact. Effects of contact or inhalation may be delayed. Fire may produce irritating, corrosive and/or toxic gases. Runoff from fire control or dilution water may be corrosive and/or toxic and cause pollution.
Brandgefahr
Non-combustible, substance itself does not burn but may decompose upon heating to produce corrosive and/or toxic fumes. Some are oxidizers and may ignite combustibles (wood, paper, oil, clothing, etc.). Contact with metals may evolve flammable hydrogen gas. Containers may explode when heated.
Pharmazeutische Anwendungen
Aluminum phosphate adjuvant is used in parenteral human and
veterinary vaccines.It activates Th2 immune responses, including
IgG and IgE antibody responses.
Clinical Use
Phalu Gel's main active ingredient is aluminum Phosphorus. Aluminum Phosphate works to reduce excess stomach acid. This gel suspension, when taken to the stomach, will form a protective layer on the surface of the gastrointestinal mucosa, similar to the effect of mucus or mucosal protective factors to help cover the stomach from the impact of fluids. The aluminum phosphate layer in the stomach has a smooth dispersion effect, going to the ulcers in the stomach and making them heal faster, making the patient feel more comfortable and less painful. Aluminum Phosphorus, when used, does not affect the intestinal absorption of Phosphorus. Phalu-Gel will quickly reduce the pain of stomach ulcers and the discomfort of excess acid, help heal the ulcers quickly, and make the patient feel comfortable right away.Aluminum hydroxide, aluminum phosphate, and potassium aluminum sulfate (alum) are used as adjuvants in vaccines designed to stimulate systemic immunity. Aluminum salts are used in DPT, pneumocccal conjugate, hepatitis A, papilloma, anthrax, and rabies vaccines. Like other systemic adjuvants, they form an insoluble depot and slowly release the antigen, which stimulates an antibody response.
Sicherheitsprofil
Corrosive to the eyes, skin, and mucous membranes. When heated to decomposition it emits toxic fumes of POx. Used as an antacid and as a cement component, flux for ceramics, dental cement, glass, and gels. See also ALUMINUM COMPOUNDS and PHOSPHATES
Sicherheit(Safety)
Aluminum phosphate adjuvant is intended for use in parenteral
vaccines and is generally regarded as safe. It may cause mild
irritation, dryness, and dermatitis on skin contact. It may also cause
redness, conjunctivitis, and short-term mild irritation on eye
contact. Ingestion of large amounts of aluminum phosphate
adjuvant may cause respiratory irritation with nausea, vomiting,
and constipation. Inhalation is unlikely, although the dried product
may cause respiratory irritation and cough. Type I hypersensitivity
reactions following parenteral administration have also been
reported.
mögliche Exposition
Used as a flux in ceramics; in dental cements; in the manufacture of special glasses, paints and varnishes, cosmetics; making pulp and paper; as an antacid.
Lager
Aluminum phosphate adjuvant is stable for at least 2 years when
stored at 4–308℃ in well-sealed inert containers. It must not be
allowed to freeze as the hydrated colloid structure will be
irreversibly damaged.
Versand/Shipping
UN1760 Corrosive liquids, n.o.s., Hazard class: 8; Labels: 8-Corrosive material, Technical Name Required. UN3260 Corrosive solid, acidic, inorganic, n.o.s., Hazard class: 8; Labels: 8-Corrosive material, Technical Name Required.
Inkompatibilitäten
A strong oxidizer; keep away from combustible materials. Violent reaction with reducing agents; strong bases. Material is an inorganic acid and will react, possibly violently, with bases; corrosive to metals, some plastics and body tissues
Regulatory Status
GRAS listed. Accepted for use in human and veterinary vaccines in
Europe and the USA. The limits for use in human vaccines are
0.85 mg aluminum/dose (FDA) and 1.25 mg aluminum/dose
(WHO). There are no established limits for use in veterinary
vaccines. Reported in the EPA TSCA Inventory.
Aluminiumorthophosphat Upstream-Materialien And Downstream Produkte
Upstream-Materialien
Downstream Produkte
