POTASSIUM METABISULFITE Chemische Eigenschaften,Einsatz,Produktion Methoden
ERSCHEINUNGSBILD
WEISSES KRISTALLINES PULVER MIT STECHENDEM GERUCH.
CHEMISCHE GEFAHREN
Zersetzung beim Erhitzen und Verbrennen unter Bildung giftiger und reizender Rauche mit Schwefeloxiden. Reagiert mit Säuren unter Freisetzung von giftigem und reizendem Schwefeldioxid.
ARBEITSPLATZGRENZWERTE
TLV nicht festgelegt (ACGIH 2005).
MAK nicht festgelegt (DFG 2005).
AUFNAHMEWEGE
Aufnahme in den Körper durch Inhalation und durch Verschlucken.
INHALATIONSGEFAHREN
Verdampfung bei 20°C vernachlässigbar; eine gesundheitsschädliche Partikelkonzentration in der Luft kann jedoch beim Dispergieren schnell erreicht werden.
WIRKUNGEN BEI KURZZEITEXPOSITION
WIRKUNGEN BEI KURZZEITEXPOSITION: Inhalation dieser Substanz kann zu asthmaähnlichen Reaktionen führen.
WIRKUNGEN NACH WIEDERHOLTER ODER LANGZEITEXPOSITION
Wiederholter oder andauernder Kontakt kann zu Hautsensibilisierung führen. Wiederholte oder andauernde Inhalation kann asthmatische Beschwerden hervorrufen.
LECKAGE
Verschüttetes Material in Behältern sammeln; falls erforderlich durch Anfeuchten Staubentwicklung verhindern. Reste mit viel Wasser wegspülen. Persönliche Schutzausrüstung: Atemschutzgerät, P2-Filter für schädliche Partikel.
R-Sätze Betriebsanweisung:
R31:Entwickelt bei Berührung mit Säure giftige Gase.
R36/37/38:Reizt die Augen, die Atmungsorgane und die Haut.
S-Sätze Betriebsanweisung:
S26:Bei Berührung mit den Augen sofort gründlich mit Wasser abspülen und Arzt konsultieren.
S36:DE: Bei der Arbeit geeignete Schutzkleidung tragen.
Chemische Eigenschaften
Potassium metabisulfite occurs as white or colorless free-flowing
crystals, crystalline powder, or granules, usually with an odor of
sulfur dioxide.
Verwenden
Potassium Metabisulfite is a chemical preservative and antioxi-
dant obtained as white or colorless crystals, powder, or granules. it
is soluble in water and insoluble in alcohol. the sulfite salt yields
sulfurous acid at a low ph. it is used as a food preservative.
Allgemeine Beschreibung
Potassium disulfite (Potassium metabisulfite, PMB) is an inorganic salt with antimicrobial properties. It is a sulfiting agent that prevents browning of foods.
Pharmazeutische Anwendungen
Potassium metabisulfite is used in applications similar to those of
sodium metabisulfite in pharmaceuticals, and in the food, brewing,
and wine making industries. It is used as an antioxidant,
antimicrobial preservative and sterilizing agent.
Kontakt-Allergie
Potassium metabisulfite is an antioxidant used as an
antifermentative agent in breweries and wineries, as a
preservative of fruits and vegetables, and to bleach
straw. Reactions to both sodium and potassium metabisulfite
are expected.
Sicherheitsprofil
Experimental
reproductive effects. A very irritating
material. Questionable carcinogen with
experimental tumorigenic data. Mutation
data reported. When heated to
decomposition it emits toxic fumes of SOx
and K2SO3. See also SULFITES.
Sicherheit(Safety)
Potassium metabisulfite is used in a variety of foods and
pharmaceutical preparations, including oral, otic, rectal, and
parenteral preparations. Potassium metabisulfite is considered a
very irritating material, and may cause dermatitis on exposed
skin.
Hypersensitivity reactions to potassium metabisulfite and other
sulfites, mainly used as preservatives in food products, have been
reported. Reactions include bronchospasm and anaphylaxis; some
deaths have also been reported, especially in those with a history of
asthma or atopic allergy.These reactions have led to
restrictions by the FDA on the use of sulfites in food applications.
However, this restriction has not been extended to their use in
pharmaceutical applications. Indeed, epinephrine (adrenaline)
injections used to treat severe allergic reactions may contain
sulfites.
The WHO has set an acceptable daily intake of sulfites, as SO
2,
at up to 0.35 mg/kg body-weight.
Lager
Potassium metabisulfite should be stored in a cool, dark place.
When stored at a maximum temperature of 25°C and maximum
relative humidity of 45%, the shelf-life is 6 months. Potassium
metabisulfite decomposes at temperatures above 150°C. In the air, it
oxidizes to the sulfate, more readily in the presence of moisture.
In aqueous solution, potassium metabisulfite forms potassium
bisulfite (KHSO
3) which exerts a strong reducing effect.
Inkompatibilitäten
Potassium metabisulfite is incompatible with strong acids, water,
and most common metals. It reacts with nitrites and sodium nitrate
at room temperature, which occasionally results in the formation of
flame. The reaction may be explosive if water is present. Potassium
metabisulfite liberates SO
2 with acids.
Sulfites, including potassium metabisulfite, can react with
various pharmaceutical compounds including sympathomimetics
such as epinephrine (adrenaline),chloramphenicol,cisplatin,
and amino acids,which can result in their pharmacological
inactivation. Sulfites are also reported to react with phenylmercuric
nitrate,and may adsorb onto rubber closures.
Regulatory Status
GRAS listed. Accepted in Europe for use as a food additive in
certain applications. Included in the FDA Inactive Ingredients
Database (IM and IV injection; otic and rectal solutions and
suspensions). Included in the Canadian List of Acceptable Nonmedicinal
Ingredients.
POTASSIUM METABISULFITE Upstream-Materialien And Downstream Produkte
Upstream-Materialien
Downstream Produkte
