AMBRAIN Chemische Eigenschaften,Einsatz,Produktion Methoden
Beschreibung
Refer to LABDANUM, ABSOLUTE.
Chemische Eigenschaften
Labdanum absolute is produced by extraction of the gum with alcohol (e.g.,
methanol or ethanol). The so-called colorless absolutes are obtained from absolutes
by extraction with, for example, hexane.
Steam distillation of the gum yields labdanum oil, which is a golden yellow, viscous
liquid that quickly turns dark brown on standing:
d
2525 0.905–0.993; n
20D 1.4920–1.5070; α
20D +0°15′to +7°, often difficult to determine
due to its dark color; solubility: 1 vol in 0.5 vol of 90% ethanol, solutions
frequently opalescent to turbid, paraffinsmay separate upon further dilution; acid
number: 18–86; ester number: 31–86.
Cistus oil and extracts are products with completely different sensory properties.
They are derived from the leaves and young twigs of C. ladanifer. Cistus oil
is obtained by steam distillation; solvent extraction yields cistus concrete. Cistus
oil, in contrast to labdanum oil, consists mainly of monoterpene hydrocarbons.
Cistus and labdanum products are produced in some Mediterranean countries
(Spain, France,Morocco), where the Cistus shrub grows abundantly.They are used
in perfumery, giving perfume compositions awarm, balsamic tonalitywith a touch
of ambergris. The typical odor originates from a number of compounds that are
formed by oxidative degradation of diterpenes with the labdane skeleton, which
are the main constituents of labdanum gum. The resinoids and
absolutes are excellent natural fixatives.
Occurrence
Found in the gum of the shrub Cistus ladaniferus L
synthetische
By steam distillation of the crude gum
Essential oil composition
The main constituents of the oil include terpenes, benzaldehyde, acetophenone, a ketone with a peppermint
odor, acetic acid and eugenol.
AMBRAIN Upstream-Materialien And Downstream Produkte
Upstream-Materialien
Downstream Produkte
