硝酸トリウム 化学特性,用途語,生産方法
解説
硝酸トリウム，無色の六角板状晶．潮解性で，水，エタノール，エーテルに易溶．熱すると500 ℃ で分解して酸化トリウムになる．ほかに多種類の水和物があり，市販品はほぼ4分子の水和水をもっている．ほかのトリウム塩と同じように一価または二価の金属の硝酸塩と複塩をつくる．
応用
酸化トリウム触媒の製造原料，フッ素の分析試薬，ランタンやガス灯のマントルの製造(硝酸セリウムとともに発光体)，蛍光ペイントの製造，濃縮ウラン精製の際の反応中間体などに用いられる．
製造
硝酸トリウム，水酸化トリウムを硝酸に溶かして濃縮すると十二水和物が得られる．
化学的特性
white solid
使用
Reagent for determination of fluorine, thoriated
tungsten filaments.
一般的な説明
A white crystalline mass. Mildly toxic. Not combustible but accelerates burning of combustible materials. May explode in a fire if in large quantities or if the combustible material is finely divided. Toxic oxides of nitrogen are produced in fires. Mildly radioactive. Radioactive materials emit certain rays detectable only by instruments. Minimal radiation hazard in transport. No protective shielding for packages is required.
空気と水の反応
Somewhat soluble in water.
反応プロフィール
Thorium nitrate is soluble in water and very soluble in alcohol (ethanol) and acids and is not combustible but accelerates burning of combustible materials. Thorium nitrate is highly reactive and incompatible with combustible materials, organic materials, and finely powdered metals. It may explode in a fire if in large quantities or if the combustible material is finely divided. Toxic oxides of nitrogen are produced in fires. Thorium nitrate, on contact with oxidising agent, oxidisable materials, and combustible and/or organic materials, causes fire and chemical hazards and violent explosion.
Mixtures of metal/nonmetal nitrates with alkyl esters may explode, owing to the formation of alkyl nitrates; mixtures a nitrate with phosphorus, tin (II) chloride. or other reducing agents may react explosively [Bretherick 1979 p. 108-109]. With water forms a weak solution of nitric acid, the reaction is not hazardous.
危険性
Dangerous fire and explosion risk in contact
with organic materials, strong oxidizing agent.
Radioactive.
健康ハザード
Compound has low chemical toxicity, but alpha emission is expected to constitute a hazard if a fairly large amount is inhaled or ingested. Dust may irritate eyes and cause diffuse dermatitis. Beta and gamma emission is small.
安全性プロファイル
Poison by
intraperitoneal, intravenous, and
intratracheal routes. Moderately toxic by
ingestion. Experimental reproductive
effects. Radioactive. An oxidizing material;
when in contact with readily combustible
substances will cause violent combustion or
ignition. When heated to decomposition it
emits toxic fumes of NOx. See also
THORIUM and NITRATES.
硝酸トリウム 上流と下流の製品情報
原材料
準備製品