鉄(II)ジクロリド 化学特性,用途語,生産方法
解説
塩化鉄(Ⅱ)：FeCl2(126.75)．二塩化鉄ともいう．白～淡緑色のりん片状晶．潮解性があり，乾いた塩化水素中で鉄を赤熱すると得られる．密度2.99 g cm－3．融点672 ℃，沸点1024 ℃．常磁性をもつ．吸湿性で湿った空気中では，ただちに緑黄色を経て赤褐色になる．水に易溶．光により分解する．四水和物は淡緑色の結晶．潮解性．密度1.926 g cm－3．加熱すると水和水中に溶ける．媒染剤，廃水処理剤，冶金，医薬製造などに用いられる．
用途
塩酸溶液を空気に放置すると酸素により酸化され塩化鉄(III)に変化する植物染料の媒染剤として用いる。
化学的特性
Ferrous chloride is a pale greenish salt-like
crystal or power.
物理的性質
White hexagonal crystal; hygroscopic; density 3.16g/cm
3; melts at 677°C;vaporizes at 1,023°C; vapor pressure 20 torr at 737°C and 200 torr at 897°C;highly soluble in water, ethanol and acetone; slightly soluble in benzene. Thedihydrate and tetrahydrate are greenish monoclinic crystals; densities 2.39and 1.39 g/cm
3, respectively; decomposing at 120 and 105°C, respectively;both the hydrates soluble in water.
使用
Ferrous chloride (FeCl2) is used in pharmaceutical preparations, for sewage treatment, and
as a mordant (which fixes dyes so that they will not run) in textiles.
製造方法
Iron(II) chloride is prepared by passing chlorine or hydrogen chloride gasover iron at red heat or 700°C:
Fe + 2HCl → FeCl
2 + H
2
Fe + Cl
2 → FeCl
2
It also may be produced by the reduction of iron(III) chloride with hydrogenor other reducing agents at elevated temperatures:
2FeCl
3 + H
2 → 2FeCl
2 + 2HCl
The tetrahydrate is obtained by dissolving the metal in hydrochloric acidfollowed by crystallization at room temperature.
Fe + 2HCl + 4H
2O → FeCl
2•4H
2O + H2
The tetrahydrate gradually loses water when heated above 105°C formingdihydrate, monohydrate and the anhydrous salt. At 220°C it loses all its waterof crystallization.
一般的な説明
Ferrous chloride is a greenish white crystalline solid. Ferrous chloride is soluble in water. Ferrous chloride is noncombustible. Ferrous chloride is used in sewage treatment, in dyeing of fabrics, and for many other uses.
空気と水の反応
Water soluble.
反応プロフィール
Alkali metal hydroxides, acids, anhydrous chlorides of iron, tin, and aluminum, pure oxides of iron and aluminum, and metallic potassium are some of the catalysts that may cause ethylene oxide to rearrange and polymerize, liberating heat, [J. Soc. Chem. Ind. 68:179(1949)]. Explosions occur , although infrequently, from the combination of ethylene oxide and alcohols or mercaptans, [Chem. Eng. News 20:1318(1942)].
健康ハザード
Inhalation of dust irritates nose and throat. Ingestion causes irritation of mouth and stomach. Dust irritates eyes and may cause skin irritation on prolonged contact.
火災危険
Special Hazards of Combustion Products: Irritating hydrogen chloride fumes may form in fire.
安全性プロファイル
Poison by ingestion and
intraperitoneal routes. Mutation data
reported. Corrosive. Probably an irritant to
the eyes, skin, and mucous membranes. Can
react violently with ethylene oxide, K, Na.
di%en heated to decomposition it emits
toxic fumes of Cl-. See also CHLORIDES
and IRON.
職業ばく露
It is used in textile dyeing, metallurgy,
the pharmaceutical industry and sewage treatment.
輸送方法
UN1759 Ferrous chloride, solid, Hazard class: 8;
Labels: 8-Corrosive material. UN1760 Ferrous chloride,
solution, Hazard class: 8; Labels: 8-Corrosive material.
純化方法
It forms white hygroscopic rhombohedral crystals with a green tint which oxidise in air to FeCl3 and Fe2O3. It is soluble in H2O, EtOH Me2CO but insoluble in Et2O. The tetrahydrate is pale green to pale blue in colour and loses 2H2O at 105-115o. The dihydrate loses H2O at 120o. [Anhydrous FeBr2 can be obtained by carefully dehydrating the tetrahydrate in a stream of HBr and N2, and it can be sublimed under N2.] The ferrous iron in aqueous solutions of these salts readily oxidises to ferric iron. (See above.) [Kovacuumic & Brace Inorg Synth VI 172 1960, Lux in Handbook of Preparative Inorganic Chemistry (Ed Brauer) Academic Press Vol II p 1491 1965.]
不和合性
Solution attacks metals. Contact with
ethylene oxide may initiate polymerization. Contact with
potassium or sodium forms an impact-sensitive material.
鉄(II)ジクロリド 上流と下流の製品情報
原材料
準備製品