O-크레졸 C화학적 특성, 용도, 생산
화학적 성질
o-Cresol has a musty, phenolic aftertaste.
물리적 성질
Colorless solid or liquid with a phenolic odor; darkens on exposure to air. An odor threshold
concentration of 0.28 ppb
v was reported by Nagata and Takeuchi (1990).
출처
Reported in Acacial farnesiana, ylang-ylang oil (probably as p-cresyl acetate), jasmine absolute, orange oil
from leaves, the essence from flowers of Lilium candidum, anise seed oil, the essence of Artemisia santolinoflia, and some sea algae.
Also reported found in asparagus, peppermint oil, cheddar cheese, provolone cheese, butter, milk, lean fish, boiled egg, smoked pork,
rum, Scotch whiskey, red wine, white wine, coffee and mango.Reported found in cinnamon, coffee, Oriental tobacco, rum, sherry, tea, tomato and whiskey.
용도
o-Cresol is used as a disinfectant and solvent.
Lysol disinfectant is a 50% (v/v) mixed-cresol isomer in
a soap emulsion formed on mixing with water. Besides
disinfection products at solutions of 1–5%, the
cresols are used as degreasing compounds, paintbrush cleaners,
and additives in lubricating oils. Cresols were
previously widely used for disinfection of poultry houses, but
this use was discontinued because of their toxicity; they
cause respiratory problems and abdominal edema in young
chicks. o-Cresol has been used in synthetic resins,
explosives, petroleum, photographic, paint, and agricultural
industries.
정의
ChEBI: A cresol that is phenol substituted by a methyl group at position 2. It is a minor urinary metabolite of toluene.
생산 방법
The cresols (cresylic acids) are methyl phenols and generally
appear as a mixture of isomers. o-Cresol is a 2-methyl
derivative of phenol and is prepared from o-toluic acid or obtained from coal tar or petroleum. Crude
cresol is obtained by distilling “gray phenic acid” at a
temperature of ≈180–201°C. o-Cresol may be separated
from the crude or purified mixture by repeated fractional
distillation in vacuo. It can also be prepared synthetically
by diazotization of the specific toluidine or by fusion
of the corresponding toluenesulfonic acid with sodium
hydroxide.
일반 설명
Colorless or yellow to brown-yellow or pinkish colored liquid with a phenol-like odor. Toxic by ingestion and/or skin absorption. May have a flash point between 100 and 199°F. Causes burns to skin, eyes and mucous membranes. Insoluble in water.
공기와 물의 반응
Sensitive to light and air. Insoluble in water.
반응 프로필
o-Cresol is incompatible with oxidizing agents and bases. Mixing o-Cresol with chlorosulfonic acid, nitric acid and oleum in a closed contained caused the temperature and pressure to increase.
위험도
Questionable carcinogen.
건강위험
The chemical is rated as a very toxic compound with a probable oral lethal dose in humans of 50-500 mg/kg, or between 1 teaspoon and 1 ounce for a 70 kg (150 lb.) person. It is a strong dermal irritant and frequently causes dermatitis. Serious or fatal poisoning may result if large areas of skin are wet with cresol, o- and the substance is not removed immediately. Ingestion of even a small amount may cause paralysis and coma. It is corrosive to body tissues, with toxicity similar to phenol.
화재위험
Fire may produce irritating or poisonous gases. Runoff from fire control water may give off poisonous gases. o-Cresol may burn but does not ignite readily. Container may explode in heat of fire. Slight explosion and fire hazard in the form of vapor when exposed to heat or flame. When heated to decomposition, o-Cresol emits highly toxic fumes. Reacts violently with nitric acid, oleum, and chlorosulfonic acid. Hazardous polymerization may not occur.
Safety Profile
Poison by ingestion,
inhalation, subcutaneous, intravenous, and
intraperitoneal routes. Moderately toxic by
skin contact. A severe eye and skin irritant.
Human mutation data reported.
Questionable carcinogen with experimental
neoplastigenic data. Flammable when
exposed to heat, flame, or oxidants. To fight
fire, water may be used to blanket fire; foam,
fog, mist, dry chemical. See also other cresol
entries and PHENOL.
잠재적 노출
Cresol is used as a disinfectant and fumigant; as an ore flotation agent, and as an intermediate in the manufacture of chemicals, dyes, plastics, and antioxidants. A mixture of isomers is generally used; the concentrations of the components are determined by the source of the cresol.
운송 방법
UN2076 Cresols, liquid, Hazard class: 6.1; Labels: 6.1-Poisonous materials, 8-Corrosive material. UN3455 Cresols, solid, Hazard class: 6.1; Labels: 6.1- Poisonous materials, 8-Corrosive material.
Purification Methods
It can be freed from m-and p-isomers by repeated fractional distillation, It crystallises from *benzene by addition of pet ether. It has been fractionallly crystallised by partial freezing of its melt. The 3,5-dinitrobenzoate (prepared with 3,5-dinitrobenzoyl chloride in dry pyridine, and recrystallised from EtOH or aqueous Me2CO) has m 138o. [Beilstein 6 IV 1940.]
비 호환성
Vapors may form explosive mixture with air. Incompatible with strong acids; oxidizers, alkalies, aliphatic amines; amides, chlorosulfonic acid; oleum. Decomposes on heating, producing strong acids and bases, causing fire and explosion hazard. Liquid attacks some plastics and rubber. Attacks many metals.
폐기물 처리
Wastewaters may be subjected to biological treatment. Concentrations may be further reduced by ozone treatment. High concentration wastes may be destroyed in special waste incinerators.
O-크레졸 준비 용품 및 원자재
원자재
준비 용품
