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Folic acid-13C6 is a deuterated labeled Folic acid[1]. Folic acid (Vitamin B9) is a orally active essential nutrient from the B complex group of vitamins. Folic acid shows antidepressant-like effect. Folic acid sodium reduces the risk of neonatal neural tube defects. Folic acid can be used to the research of megaloblastic and macrocytic anemias due to folic deficiency[2][3][4][5]. | [in vivo]
Folic acid plays a critical role in the prevention of chromosome breakage and hypomethylation of DNA[2].
Folic acid (10, 50, 100 mg/kg; p.o.) shows an antidepressant-like effect in this
behavioral mouse model[3].
Folic acid (1, 10 nmol/site) shows no psychostimulant effect in mice habituated to the novel environment[3].
Folic acid (1, 5 mg/kg; p.o.) prevents epigenetic modification of hepatic gene expression in the offspring in rats[4].When folic acid was administrated orally as aqueous solution in rat, the AUC was 1.4 μg h/mL and oral bioavailability is 35%[6]. Induction of Acute Kidney Injury (AKI)[7] Background
Folic acid metabolism requires higher levels of NADPH to reduce folate to THF decreasing the antioxidant defense. The redox imbalance generated by folic acid metabolism is one of the main mechanisms involved in renal damage. Specific Mmodeling Methods
Rat: Wistar ? male
Administration: 300mg/ml ? i.p. ? single dose
Note
(1) Intraperitoneal injection 300 mg/kg folic acid (dissolved in 300 mM NaHCO3) in male Wistar rats with an initial body weight between 230 to 250 g.
(2) Plasma was collected and analyzed at days 2, 4, 7, 14 and 28 after folic acid administration.
Modeling Indicators
Metabolic changes : Assessment of renal injury by blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and plasma creatinine.
Individual phenotypic change: The ratio of kidney weight to total rat weight was detected.
Correlated Product(s)Acetylcysteine (HY-B0215) | [References]
[1] Russak EM, et al. Impact of Deuterium Substitution on the Pharmacokinetics of Pharmaceuticals. Ann Pharmacother. 2019 Feb;53(2):211-216. DOI:10.1177/1060028018797110
[2] Butterworth CE Jr, et al. Folic acid safety and toxicity: a brief review. Am J Clin Nutr. 1989 Aug;50(2):353-8. DOI:10.1093/ajcn/50.2.353
[3] Pe?alva R, et al. Zein nanoparticles for oral folic acid delivery[J]. Journal of Drug Delivery Science and Technology, 2015, 30: 450-457.
[4] Brocardo PS, et al. Folic acid administration produces an antidepressant-like effect in mice: evidence for the involvement of the serotonergic and noradrenergic systems. Neuropharmacology. 2008 Feb;54(2):464-73. DOI:10.1016/j.neuropharm.2007.10.016
[5] Aparicio-Trejo OE, et al. Chronic impairment of mitochondrial bioenergetics and β-oxidation promotes experimental AKI-to-CKD transition induced by folic acid. Free Radic Biol Med. 2020 Jul;154:18-32. DOI:10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2020.04.016
[6] Lillycrop KA, et al. Dietary protein restriction of pregnant rats induces and folic acid supplementation prevents epigenetic modification of hepatic gene expression in the offspring. J Nutr. 2005 Jun;135(6):1382-6. DOI:10.1093/jn/135.6.1382
[7] Pietrzik K, et al. Folic acid and L-5-methyltetrahydrofolate: comparison of clinical pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics. Clin Pharmacokinet. 2010 Aug;49(8):535-48. DOI:10.2165/11532990-000000000-00000 |
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